{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T02:59:41Z","timestamp":1785812381963,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747094400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The recent outbreak of Omicron strains of coronavirus disease urged the search for novel treatments from natural products such as <jats:italic>Epilobium<\/jats:italic> species. The present work reports a comparative HPLC\u2010DAD study of the polyphenolic composition of the crude extracts of <jats:italic>Epilobium angustifolium<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Epilobium hirsutum<\/jats:italic>. Oenothein B, gallic acid, hyperoside, and isoquercitin were the dominant phenolic compounds. <jats:italic>E. hirsutum<\/jats:italic> methanol extract showed a high radical scavenging activity as demonstrated by the HPLC\u2010ABTS assay due to its richness in phenolic compounds. The polysaccharide\u2010rich extracts and water extracts of <jats:italic>E. hirsutum<\/jats:italic> showed potent anti\u2010coronavirus SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 activity against the Omicron strain at 10\u2009\u03bcg\/mL with inhibition percentages of 38.4% and 46.1%, respectively. In contrast, the methanol (50% v\/v) extract was inactive. Rutin and chlorogenic acid docked well into the binding pocket of the coronavirus spike protein. Emerging evidence suggests that suppressing excessive neutrophilic inflammation during the late stage of coronavirus infection benefits patients\u2019 survival. The methanol extracts of both plants completely inhibited fMLF\/CB\u2010induced elastase release in human neutrophils at 10\u2009\u03bcg\/mL (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> 2.44\u2009\u03bcg\/mL), while the water extract showed an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 5.67\u2009\u03bcg\/mL. While several compounds docked well into the spike protein, the major and marker compound oenothein B showed promising in vitro anti\u2010coronavirus activity with an IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> of 6.08\u2009\u00b5M in hACE2\u2010overexpressing HEK293 cells, mimicking the entry of wild\u2010type SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 into human host cells. The results indicated that <jats:italic>E. hirsutum<\/jats:italic> might be helpful in the treatment of coronavirus infections and related inflammatory syndromes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202400765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T18:44:02Z","timestamp":1747161842000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Assessment of the Phenolics Content in <i>Epilobium angustifolium<\/i> and <i>Epilobium hirsutum<\/i> Extracts and Their Pharmacological Activity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"358","author":[{"given":"Kateryna","family":"Uminska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhytomyr Basic Pharmaceutical Professional College  Zhytomyr Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8988-8610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Korinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5390-2161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liudas","family":"Ivanauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry Lithuanian University of Health Sciences  Kaunas Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0050-8288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"El\u2010Shazly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8794-8010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoriya","family":"Georgiyants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry National University of Pharmacy  Kharkiv Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2392-1702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Li","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Drug Research and Development, College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology  Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9758-0811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Monu Kumar","family":"Shukla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0861-1186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sedin","family":"Renadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5780-3977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsong\u2010Long","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine Chang Gung University  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Drug Research and Development, College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital  Taoyuan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology  New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2549-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fang\u2010Rong","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy Kaohsiung Medical University  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3822-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olha","family":"Mykhailenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry National University of Pharmacy  Kharkiv Ukraine"},{"name":"Pharmacognosy and Phytotherapy Group UCL School of Pharmacy  London UK"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biology Kiel University  Kiel Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.112254"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6072"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"EMA\/HMPC\/712510\/2014 Assessment report onEpilobium angustifoliumL. and\/orEpilobium parviflorumSchreb. herba European Medicines Agency Committee on Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPC) 2016; p 20. accessed October 15 2024 https:\/\/www.scribd.com\/document\/524645489\/epilobium-parviflorum-schreb-herba-en-1."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2020.104638"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","first-page":"166","article-title":"The Study of Growth Conditions of Epilobium angustifolium L. (Onagraceae Juss.) in Natural Populations on the Territory of Ukraine","volume":"1","author":"Volochai V.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Agroecology Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13010120"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2020.113207"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2018.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"171","article-title":"Amino Acid Profiling in Wild Chamaenerion angustifolium Populations Applying Chemometric Analysis","volume":"13","author":"Uminska K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/hepo-2019-0018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules26113456"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.896706"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2012.762404"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4269-1-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10091389"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.595190"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(97)00370-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2020.197989"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051466"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.572009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2019.1630379"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2012-0492TR"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-008-9069-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.07.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.117310"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2063-5265"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","unstructured":"K.Uminska L.Ivanauskas M.Marksa et al. InVolatile components of Ukrainian Epilobium angustifolium International Conference \u201cContemporary Pharmacy: Issues Challenges and Expectations \u201d2022Lithuania Kaunas Lithuanian University of Health Science: Lithuania Kaunas 2022; p 40."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1365\/s10337-006-0740-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2009.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15587\/2519-4852.2018.141412"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/efd2.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3897\/pharmacia.69.e76687"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v13112295"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advms.2013.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15587\/2519-4852.2020.197270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15587\/2519-4852.2023.271813"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15587\/2519-4852.2019.158007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15587\/2519-4852.2021.230288"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15587\/2519-4852.2022.265814"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-822475-5.00007-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pca.2358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2014.993039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12010091"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0156319"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants10051030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-4689-4_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA05126H"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/open.202300198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c05064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07391102.2020.1864476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11696-021-01680-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2200279"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.634176"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2023.115725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2017.1344659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13020198"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2010.10.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.131918"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/scipharm90010019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-021-03374-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodhyd.2021.106887"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14786419.2015.1027703"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chroma.2012.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2023.105407"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202215"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI107236"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.09.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2021.114596"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.Lan J.Ge J.Yu et al. \u201cStructure of the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 spike receptor\u2010binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor \u201dNature581(2020):215\u2013220 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-2180-5.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2180-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444912027047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-3-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2269-7_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11030-023-10708-5"}],"container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ardp.202400765","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T21:29:14Z","timestamp":1748640554000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ardp.202400765"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ardp.202400765"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ardp.202400765","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0365-6233","1521-4184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0365-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4184","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-09-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e12001"}}