{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:49:38Z","timestamp":1791924578853,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    New\n                    <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010triazine hydrazone hybrids (\n                    <jats:bold>4a<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2013\n                    <jats:bold>4r<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) were designed and synthesized as promising microbial DNA gyrase inhibitors. This was done by taking the lead DNA gyrase inhibitor (AstraZeneca arylaminotriazine) as a reference. The novel samples were subsequently tested as antimicrobial agents against certain pathogenic bacteria and unicellular fungi. The antibiofilm potential and the membrane leakage test were used to determine the mechanism of the antimicrobial response. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of\n                    <jats:bold>4g<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>4i<\/jats:bold>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:bold>4r<\/jats:bold>\n                    samples were between 62.5 and 250.0\u2009\u00b5g\/mL. The MIC values for the\n                    <jats:bold>4g<\/jats:bold>\n                    candidate against\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Enterobacter agglomerans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumonia<\/jats:italic>\n                    are 62.5, 125.0, and 250.0\u2009\u00b5g\/mL, respectively. Conversely, the MIC of compound\n                    <jats:bold>4i<\/jats:bold>\n                    was 62.5\u2009\u00b5g\/mL for\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans and E. agglomerans<\/jats:italic>\n                    and 125.0\u2009\u00b5g\/mL for\n                    <jats:italic>S. aureus and K. pneumonia<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Besides, a molecular docking study was performed to validate both the binding affinity and binding mode of the newly designed analogs of\n                    <jats:italic>s<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010triazine candidates toward bacterial DNA gyrase receptors. The synthesized nanocomposites had promising antimicrobial potentials, which are encouraging their use in biomedical applications. Consequently, the afforded compounds can be employed as promising antimicrobial lead compounds for future optimization.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202400931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T12:52:22Z","timestamp":1741611142000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Design and synthesis of novel substituted\n                    <i>s<\/i>\n                    \u2010triazines tethered benzenesulfonamides as potential antimicrobial candidates: Antibiofilm and bacterial protein permeability assessments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"358","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8173-6073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Al\u2010Karmalawy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy The University of Mashreq Baghdad Iraq"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Horus University\u2010Egypt New Damietta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6455-5716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haytham O.","family":"Tawfik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Tanta University Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5410-7936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gharieb S.","family":"El\u2010Sayyad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology Badr University in Cairo (BUC) Cairo Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Galala University New Galala City, Suez Egypt"},{"name":"Drug Radiation Research Department National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayman Abo","family":"Elmaaty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Port Said University Port Said Egypt"},{"name":"Medicinal Chemistry Department, Clinical Pharmacy Program East Port Said National University Port Said Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sobhy S.","family":"Abdel\u2010Fatah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Radiation Research Department National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA) Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akhtar","family":"Atiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences King Khalid University Mohail Assir Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah Yahya Abdullah","family":"Alzahrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts King Khalid University Mohail Assir Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arwa Omar Al","family":"Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, Hourani Center for Applied Scientific Research Al\u2010Ahliyya Amman University Amman Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mervat H.","family":"El\u2010Hamamsy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Tanta University Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heba A.","family":"Elsebaie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Tanta University Tanta Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume":"3","author":"Pauw B. 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