{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:01:39Z","timestamp":1777640499940,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study investigates derivatives including a tetrazole zinc\u2010binding group as inhibitors of the \u03b1\u2010, \u03b2\u2010, and \u03b3\u2010class carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms from pathogenic bacteria such as\n                    <jats:italic>Vibrio cholerae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Streptococcus mutans<\/jats:italic>\n                    . A library of 22 previously synthesized compounds was evaluated for their inhibitory activity against bacterial CAs using a stopped\u2010flow CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    hydrase assay. The tetrazole\u2010based inhibitors displayed marked activity toward bacterial \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b2\u2010class CAs, with inhibition constants (\n                    <jats:italic>K<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>I<\/jats:sub>\n                    s) ranging from 0.43 to 18.7\u2009\u00b5M. Among them,\n                    <jats:bold>2i<\/jats:bold>\n                    and\n                    <jats:bold>2p<\/jats:bold>\n                    emerged as two of the most potent inhibitors. Selectivity studies showed that only a few compounds exhibited moderate (10\u2010 to 20\u2010fold) selectivity for bacterial \u03b2\u2010CAs over human CA I, with limited selectivity against human CA II. Molecular modelling studies of the most representative compounds elucidated the key interactions responsible for their potency and selectivity, in agreement with experimental findings. Overall, these results highlight tetrazole derivatives as promising scaffolds for the development of novel antibacterial CA inhibitors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.70177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]],"date-time":"2025-12-26T11:27:09Z","timestamp":1766748429000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Tetrazole Derivatives as Multiclass Inhibitors of Bacterial Carbonic Anhydrases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"358","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7364-1499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Ammara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Laboratory of Molecular Modelling, Cheminformatics &amp; QSAR University of Florence Firenze Italy"},{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section University of Florence Firenze Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0669-7481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Giovannuzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section University of Florence Firenze Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3406-833X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana","family":"De Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3314-2411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clemente","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3342-702X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Nocentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Laboratory of Molecular Modelling, Cheminformatics &amp; QSAR University of Florence Firenze Italy"},{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section University of Florence Firenze Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4262-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudiu T.","family":"Supuran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section University of Florence Firenze Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9137-2509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paola","family":"Gratteri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Laboratory of Molecular Modelling, Cheminformatics &amp; QSAR University of Florence Firenze Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glmedi.2024.100081"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph16111615"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IDR.S428837"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2014.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10040398"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2023.1305294"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.slasd.2025.100232"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2024.1444781"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12020274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics12111590"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2016.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.202400814"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo7040056"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2024.2332663"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.enz.2024.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2022.105454"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14756366.2021.1991336"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.4c00740"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01715-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.11059"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms222111583"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17081027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.4c00562"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.5b01963"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D0RA06405J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.02563-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2011.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.0c00403"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)62326-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2025.117620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0168022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cmdc.201800375"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S0907444912017210"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","unstructured":"Schr\u00f6dinger Suite Release 2022\u20104 Schr\u00f6dinger LLC; 2022: (a) Prime v.5.5; (b) Maestro v.13.2; (c) Epik v.6.0; (d) Impact v.9.5; (e) Macromodel v.13.6; (f) Glide v.9.5."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1107\/S1399004715018635"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jctc.1c00302"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp003919d"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28104020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.20084"}],"container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ardp.70177","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ardp.70177","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ardp.70177","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T16:26:39Z","timestamp":1772987199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ardp.70177"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ardp.70177"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ardp.70177","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0365-6233","1521-4184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0365-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4184","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-10-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70177"}}