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Escalating drug resistance and mortality rates worsen the situation. To address these issues, new TB agents with improved activity, better enzyme activation, low toxicity, and acceptable physicochemical and pharmacokinetic profiles are needed. Several reports on five\u2010membered heterocycles with one, two, or more heteroatoms have demonstrated anti\u2010TB properties against\n                    <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Clinical candidates such as pretomanid (nitroimidazole), linezolid (oxazolidinone), and delamanid (imidazo\u2010oxazole ring) approved by the FDA provide evidence for their significance against TB. This review addresses the global challenge of tuberculosis by highlighting the strategic design of five\u2010membered heterocyclic scaffolds. It provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution of clinical candidates and recent advancements in pyrrole\u2010, furan\u2010, thiophene\u2010, pyrazole\u2010, imidazole\u2010, thiazole\u2010, oxadiazole\u2010, thiadiazole\u2010, and tetrazole\u2010based scaffolds and their hybrid derivatives developed over the past decade, and further offers insights into their SAR analyses and molecular docking aspects.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.70207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T13:03:12Z","timestamp":1770901392000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Advances in Five\u2010Membered Heterocyclic Scaffolds as Anti\u2010Tuberculosis Agents: A Decade of Discovery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"359","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Tejaswani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GITAM School of Pharmacy GITAM (Deemed to be 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