{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T06:28:54Z","timestamp":1793600934661,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIBSS \u2013 EXC\u20102189 \u2013 Project ID 390939984"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIBSS \u2013 EXC\u20102189 \u2013 Project ID 390939984"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RTG 2202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTG 2202"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["506518771"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["506518771"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Calcium\u2010dependent antibiotics (CDAs) represent an important class of antimicrobial agents active against Gram\u2010positive pathogens. Olikomycin A, produced by\n                    <jats:italic>Streptomyces ghanaensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u0394\n                    <jats:italic>wblA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , displays potent activity against multidrug\u2010resistant bacteria; however, its molecular mode of action remained unclear. In this study, we investigated the interaction of olikomycin A with bacterial membrane lipids. Phospholipid antagonization assays demonstrated a calcium\u2010dependent interaction with phosphatidylglycerol (PG), a major anionic phospholipid of Gram\u2010positive membranes. Cryo\u2010electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy using model membranes revealed rapid membrane disruption induced by olikomycin A, resulting in vesicle deformation and fragmentation. Compared with the clinically used lipopeptide daptomycin, olikomycin A caused markedly faster and more extensive membrane damage. Furthermore, treatment of\n                    <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    with olikomycin A in the presence of calcium resulted in rapid cellular aggregation consistent with severe membrane perturbation. These findings indicate that olikomycin A targets bacterial membranes via calcium\u2010dependent binding to PG and disrupts membrane integrity through a mechanism distinct from daptomycin.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.70318","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T12:41:10Z","timestamp":1786970470000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Olikomycin A Disrupts Gram\u2010Positive Bacterial Membranes Through Calcium\u2010Dependent Binding to Phosphatidylglycerol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"359","author":[{"given":"Luisa","family":"Munz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Freiburg Freiburg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Makshakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Biology of Signaling Processes, Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Freiburg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"},{"name":"CIBSS \u2013 Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Marchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Freiburg Freiburg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2847-246X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Winfried","family":"R\u00f6mer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Biology of Signaling Processes, Faculty of Biology University of Freiburg Freiburg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"},{"name":"CIBSS \u2013 Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies University of Freiburg Freiburg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3594-6851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Bechthold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Freiburg Freiburg Baden\u2010W\u00fcrttemberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/epidemiologia6020021"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmc.2016.05.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2021.634438"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2760(79)90010-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15257-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1611173113"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/chem.202403985"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3002(61)90698-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/8623_2016_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01589-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics901001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)70226-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Chemical and Synthetic Approaches in Membrane Biology Springer Protocols Handbooks","author":"Madl J.","year":"2017"}],"container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ardp.70318","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ardp.70318","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ardp.70318","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T05:56:20Z","timestamp":1793598980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ardp.70318"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ardp.70318"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ardp.70318","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0365-6233","1521-4184"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0365-6233","type":"print"},{"value":"1521-4184","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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