{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:07:19Z","timestamp":1790690839711,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789516800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The microbiota comprises communities of microorganisms that establish complex relationships with the host and play key roles in physiology, metabolism, and immunity. Increasing evidence highlights microbiota alterations in several diseases, particularly those driven by oxidative stress\u2010induced inflammation. Thus, identifying probiotic enzymes implicated in essential metabolic pathways is highly relevant to the development of future strategies targeting dysbiosis and related diseases. Herein, we report the first biochemical characterization of \u03b2\u2010class carbonic anhydrase (CA) from\n                    <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium longum<\/jats:italic>\n                    (BloCA\u03b2) by inhibition and activation profiles. The enzyme was recombinantly expressed, purified, and kinetically characterized, displaying a catalytic efficiency within the same order of magnitude as, although lower than, that of human (h)CA I. The functional profile of this novel CA was explored using a panel of commercial sulfonamides, sulfamides, sulfamates, and inorganic\/organic anions as inhibitors. Furthermore, several biogenic amines and amino acids were assessed as potential activators of BloCA\u03b2, and their activation profiles were compared with those of hCAs I and II. The cellular effects of selected BloCA\u03b2 activators was further evaluated in human macrophages under basal and proinflammatory conditions, while the safety profile was assessed in human intestinal epithelial cells (HIECs). Among them, serotonin (\n                    <jats:bold>38<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) was found to significantly enhance cell metabolic activity in both conditions and preserve the metabolic activity of HIECs, further supporting its biocompatibility. Overall, these results provide the first biochemical and functional characterization of BloCA\u03b2 and establish a biochemical basis for future studies investigating the physiological role of probiotic CAs in bacterial models.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.70333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:48:11Z","timestamp":1789544891000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["From Identification to Enzymatic Activity Profiling: Comprehensive Characterization of BloCA\u03b2, a Probiotic \u03b2\u2010Carbonic Anhydrase From\n                    <i>Bifidobacterium longum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"359","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0669-7481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Giovannuzzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Science University of Florence Florence Sesto Fiorentino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7364-1499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Ammara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Science University of Florence Florence Sesto Fiorentino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8698-9440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Carradori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti\u2010Pescara Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana De","family":"Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources Napoli Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2283-4159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marialucia","family":"Gallorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti\u2010Pescara Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8348-7436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damiano","family":"Iacovozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti\u2010Pescara Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Cataldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy \u201cG. d'Annunzio\u201d University of Chieti\u2010Pescara Chieti Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4870-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"D'Agostino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy University of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2470-9351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Moi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato Monserrato Cagliari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2438-725X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Onnis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Unit of Pharmaceutical, Pharmacological and Nutraceutical Sciences University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato Monserrato Cagliari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4262-0323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudiu T.","family":"Supuran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NEUROFARBA Department, Section of Pharmaceutical Science University of Florence Florence Sesto Fiorentino Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clemente","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, CNR Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources Napoli 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