{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:44:06Z","timestamp":1792665846581,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792627200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Archiv der Pharmazie"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A series of new benzo[\n                    <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                    ][1,8]naphthyridine derivatives (\n                    <jats:bold>3a\u2013g<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) was synthesized and biologically evaluated as multifunctional antioxidant and cholinesterase inhibitory agents. The target compounds were prepared through a multi\u2010step strategy involving amination followed by Friedl\u00e4nder\u2010type condensation with activated methylene compounds. In vitro evaluation using the Ellman method revealed notable inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE, IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.29\u20139.51\u2009\u00b5M) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200911.37\u201367.21\u2009\u00b5M). Compound\n                    <jats:bold>3e<\/jats:bold>\n                    emerged as the most active dual inhibitor of AChE (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20092.29\u2009\u00b5M) and BChE (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u200911.37\u2009\u00b5M), whereas compounds\n                    <jats:bold>3b<\/jats:bold>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:bold>3c<\/jats:bold>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:bold>3g<\/jats:bold>\n                    were inactive toward BChE, highlighting strong AChE selectivity with selectivity indices up to 8.04. The antioxidant activity of the derivatives was assessed using \u03b2\u2010carotene\u2013linoleic acid, CUPRAC, and superoxide DMSO alkaline assays. Several compounds exhibited significant antioxidant potential, with compound\n                    <jats:bold>3d<\/jats:bold>\n                    showing the strongest lipid peroxidation inhibition (IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.13\u2009\u00b1\u20090.02\u2009mM). whereas compounds\n                    <jats:bold>3a<\/jats:bold>\n                    (0.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.01\u2009mM) and\n                    <jats:bold>3b<\/jats:bold>\n                    (0.063\u2009\u00b1\u20090.025\u2009mM) displayed superoxide scavenging activity comparable to \u03b1\u2010tocopherol. Structure\u2013activity relationship analysis indicated that electron\u2010donating substituents enhanced radical stabilization and reducing power. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations at the B3LYP\/6\u2010311\u2009G(d,p) level revealed that electron\u2010withdrawing substituents reduced HOMO\u2013LUMO gaps and increased electrophilicity and charge\u2010transfer ability. Overall, the combined biological, docking, and theoretical results findings highlight the naphthyridine scaffold as a promising platform for the development of multifunctional agents targeting neurodegenerative disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.70371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T10:37:18Z","timestamp":1792665438000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["New Multifunctional Benzannulated 1,8\u2010Naphthyridine Derivatives: Targeting Cholinesterase Inhibition and Oxidative Stress via Synthetic, Computational, and Biological Approaches"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"359","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7411-3986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Abdenour","family":"Redouane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Laboratory of Biologically Active Molecules Universit\u00e9 des Fr\u00e8res Mentouri Constantine 1 Constantine Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9662-8145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saida","family":"Benzerka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Laboratory of Biologically Active Molecules Universit\u00e9 des Fr\u00e8res Mentouri Constantine 1 Constantine Algeria"},{"name":"Synthetic Laboratory of Molecules with Therapeutic Potential Universit\u00e9 des Fr\u00e8res Mentouri Constantine 1 Constantine Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8590-567X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abd El krim","family":"Sandeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (CRSP) Constantine Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naima","family":"Khiri\u2010meribout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synthetic Laboratory of Biologically Active Molecules Universit\u00e9 des Fr\u00e8res Mentouri Constantine 1 Constantine Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7033-0038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chawki","family":"Bensouici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Biotechnologie Research (CRBt) CONSTANTINE Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7727-8583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Houssem","family":"Boulebd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Synthesis of Molecules with Biological Interest Freres Mentouri Constantine 1 University Constantine Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/ardp.201500237","article-title":"1, 8\u2010Naphthyridine Derivatives: A Review of Multiple Biological Activities","volume":"348","author":"Madaan A.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Archiv der Pharmazie"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1070\/RC2000v069n03ABEH000553","article-title":"Naphthyridines. 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