{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:49:51Z","timestamp":1786632591414,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["arthroscopyjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthroscopy, Sports Medicine, and Rehabil."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the acute effects of passive movement on rectus femoris (RF) stiffness, flexibility, and subjective knee joint pain in patients with Osgood\u2010Schlatter disease (OSD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with bilateral OSD at the orthopedic clinic between July 2023 and June 2025 were prospectively enrolled. One foot was randomly assigned to the intervention group (10\u2009minutes of passive hip and knee joint movement), and the other was assigned to the control group (10\u2009minutes of rest). The acute effects before and after the intervention (PRE and POST, respectively) were compared. RF stiffness was assessed PRE and POST using shear modulus values, heel\u2010buttock distance, and subjective pain. A stratified cluster analysis of the treatment effect was performed based on the PRE shear modulus values in the intervention group (high\u2010value and low\u2010value groups).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fifty\u2010three participants diagnosed with bilateral OSD participated in the study. The RF shear modulus significantly decreased following the intervention (21.0\u2009\u00b1\u20094.4\u201017.5\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2\u2009kPa) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001), with the high\u2010value group (\u201320.1\u2009\u00b1\u20099.6%) showing a significantly greater effect than the low\u2010value group (\u201313.8\u2009\u00b1\u20098.6%) (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009.022). Depending on the threshold, 83.0% exceeded the minimal detectable change at the 95% confidence level, and 86.8% exceeded the smallest worthwhile change (0.2 standard deviation), while 66.0% exceeded the more conservative smallest worthwhile change (0.5 standard deviation). Heel\u2010buttock distance and subjective pain significantly improved after passive movement (heel\u2010buttock distance: 12.5\u2009\u00b1\u20094.7 to 9.3\u2009\u00b1\u20093.4\u2009cm; subjective pain: 4.2\u2009\u00b1\u20092.4 to 2.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.0\u2009cm) (both\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). None of the parameters changed significantly in the control group.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ten minutes of passive hip and knee joint movement reduced RF stiffness in patients with OSD and improved knee joint flexibility and subjective pain. Furthermore, passive movement showed the greatest effect in the high\u2010value shear modulus group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Level II, prospective comparative study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ars2.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T09:12:39Z","timestamp":1779354759000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ten Minutes of Passive Hip and Knee Joint Movement Reduces Stiffness Due to Osgood\u2010Schlatter Disease in the Rectus Femoris Muscle"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7299-170X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takayuki","family":"Inami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Education Keio University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6908-8504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Education Keio University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shota","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Education Keio University  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Genko","family":"Karasawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karasawa Orthopedic Clinic  Yokohama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0000000000000842"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"826","article-title":"The etiology and risk 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