{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T10:12:35Z","timestamp":1761127955499},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,1]],"date-time":"2003-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1059696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swiss National Foundation"},{"name":"Fondo de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria (Spain)","award":["FIS 00\/0413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FIS 00\/0413"]}]},{"name":"Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Spain)","award":["SAF00\/0176"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAF00\/0176"]}]},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla (Spain)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Protein deimination, a process to modify arginine residues to citrulline by the addition of a neutral oxygen group, is associated with apoptosis. The presence of autoantibodies recognizing citrullinated peptides is highly specific to rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is therefore a useful marker for the early diagnosis of RA. In this study, we explored whether anti\u2013cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti\u2010CCP) autoantibodies are produced in several experimental models of autoimmune diseases in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The levels of anti\u2010CCP autoantibodies were analyzed by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay in several lupus\u2010prone strains of mice, in animals with type II collagen (CII)\u2013induced arthritis, and after induction of neonatal tolerance to alloantigens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We observed the production of these autoantibodies in 2 different lupus\u2010prone mice, MRL\u2010<jats:italic>lpr<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>lpr<\/jats:italic> and (NZW \u00d7 B6)F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010<jats:italic>hbcl\u20102<\/jats:italic> transgenic mice, characterized by the presence of abnormalities in the regulation of B cell apoptosis. Other genetic defects, determining autoimmune susceptibility, present in MRL and NZW mice were additionally required for anti\u2010CCP autoantibody production. The induction of autoantibodies in normal BALB\/c mice injected at birth with semiallogeneic spleen cells from (BALB\/c \u00d7 B6)F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010<jats:italic>hbcl\u20102<\/jats:italic> transgenic mice suggested that these additional autoimmune defects may be related, at least in part, to the establishment of abnormal interactions between T cells and B cells. In addition, anti\u2010CCP autoantibodies were not produced in the course of CII\u2010induced arthritis, an experimental model of RA in mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study provides evidence for the association between defects in the regulatory cell death machinery of B lymphocytes and the production of certain autoantibody specificities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,4]],"date-time":"2003-08-04T17:38:48Z","timestamp":1060018728000},"page":"2353-2361","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Defects in the regulation of B cell apoptosis are required for the production of citrullinated peptide autoantibodies in 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