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A significant elevation was also found in synovial fluid (SF) samples from seropositive RA patients. CDA in the SF tended to be increased when compared with the corresponding serum. The levels of CDA correlated positively with those of rheumatoid factors (RF) when the latter were determined with IgG anti\u2010CD Ripley\u2010coated erythrocytes, but not when they were determined by the Waaler\u2010Rose or latex tests. The increased CDA titers do not seem to be the result of significant amounts of IgM agglutinators or of the presence of IgM\u2010RF. These findings suggest the existence of a link between the formation of RF and CDA, but the nature of this link cannot be fully explained.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200510","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T18:02:07Z","timestamp":1171476127000},"page":"1105-1113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cathepsin D Agglutinators in Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Artmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Fehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"B\u00f6ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.1966.66.2.188"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/apm.1966.66.3.369","article-title":"Heterogeneity of anti\u2010gamma\u2010globulin factors detected by pepsin\u2010digested human gamma\u2010G\u2010globulin","volume":"66","author":"Natvig JB","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.110.2.502","article-title":"Natural antiglobulin antibodies in primates","volume":"110","author":"Baxter NJ","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.107.3.814","article-title":"Exposure of hidden antigenic determinants in human IgG by digestion with spleen proteases","volume":"107","author":"Fehr K","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"597","article-title":"Naturally occurring pepsin agglutinators in the serum of subhuman primates","volume":"6","author":"Litwin SD","year":"1970","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/212791a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.1963.tb03290.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.97.3.438","article-title":"Further studies on the anti\u2010globulin factors in human serum to the pepsin digested fragment of the Ri\u2010anti\u2010Rh\u2010antibody","volume":"97","author":"Waller M","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"4","article-title":"Autologous agglutinators to erythroeytes sensitized with the Ripley anti\u2010Rh\u2010antibody digested with 14 different proteolytic enzymes","volume":"3","author":"Waller M","year":"1967","journal-title":"MCV Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"56","article-title":"Macroglobulin rheumatoid factors directed toward buried antigenic sites of human gamma\u2010globulin","volume":"10","author":"Sch\u00f6nfeld LS","year":"1960","journal-title":"Vox Sang"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009747209105006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.105.4.973","article-title":"Degradation of immuno\u2010globulin G by lysosomal acid protease","volume":"105","author":"Fehr K","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0910222"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/bj0960595"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104061"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI105758"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0019-2791(65)90004-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"246","volume-title":"Statistical Methods","author":"Snedecor GW","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","unstructured":"B\u00e4chtoldH: Personal communication"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-92-22426"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.1967.tb03393.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.105.4.886","article-title":"Degradation of immunoglobulins by intracellular proteases in the range of neutral pH","volume":"105","author":"LoSpalluto JJ","year":"1970","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1949.02900430001001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3181\/00379727-68-16375"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","first-page":"725","article-title":"IgG hydrolysis in abscesses. 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