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Replicate data were obtained for the following measures of structure and function: range of motion, a score for the degree of radiographic degenerative changes at each hand joint, malalignment at digital joints determined radiographically, and a quantitative measure of osteophyte formation. Significant and consistent differences in the right hand when compared to the left were detected. Furthermore, highly significant task\u2010related differences were demonstrated. These task\u2010related differences in the structure and function of the hands were consistent with the pattern of usage. Therefore these three patterns of usage influence hand structure and function in the population studied.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780210206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T17:56:08Z","timestamp":1171475768000},"page":"210-220","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Hand structure and function in an industrial setting."],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Nortin M.","family":"Hadler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis B.","family":"Gillings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold R.","family":"Imbus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Levitin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diane","family":"Makuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Utsinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Yount","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derwood","family":"Slusser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Moskovitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.14.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.22.4.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.4751.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(72)90026-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","volume-title":"The Biology of Degenerative Joint Disease","author":"Sokoloff L","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(76)90015-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"862","article-title":"Mechanical aspects of osteoarthrosis","volume":"26","author":"Radin EL","year":"1976","journal-title":"Bull Rheum Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)92213-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.29.3.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/49.5.465","article-title":"Reliability of goniometers in assessing finger joint angle","volume":"49","author":"Hamilton GF","year":"1969","journal-title":"Physical Therapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780140110"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.32.6.585"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2528901"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"675","article-title":"The use of ranks to avoid the assumption of normality implicit in the analysis of variance","volume":"33","author":"Friedman M","year":"1973","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2286091"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529048"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1952.10483441"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2527708"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"270","article-title":"Rheumatism in cotton operatives","volume":"18","author":"Lawrence JS","year":"1961","journal-title":"Brit J Industr Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200417"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; 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