{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,5]],"date-time":"2025-10-05T20:00:56Z","timestamp":1759694456843},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,28]],"date-time":"2005-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8701,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1982,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by increased numbers of circulating B cells activated polyclonally to secrete immunoglobulin. Because T cells secrete, or shed, various factors that are functionally important in regulating immunoglobulin production by B cells, a reverse hemolytic plaque assay was developed to quantitate such activated T cells. In this technique, we used a rabbit antiserum raised to supernatants of concanavalin\u2010A\u2013stimulated human lymphocytes. The relevant antigenic specificity of this antiserum is directed toward the shed surface membrane determinant(s) preferentially expressed on activated T cells. Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 14 SLE patients contained more than 10 times the number of endogenously activated T cells than cells from normal subjects. Within the SLE group, plaqueforming T cells were particularly increased in patients with active disease. By linear regression analysis, a significant positive correlation was revealed between such activated T cells and immunoglobulin\u2010secreting B cells, also measured by a reverse plaque assay (r = 0.83). It appears that both activated B cells and T cells circulate in increased numbers in SLE. Additional investigation will be required to define the molecular nature of the T cell product(s) being measured and to clarify the relationship of these findings to the immunoregulatory abnormalities in this disorder.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780250209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T19:44:05Z","timestamp":1171482245000},"page":"168-173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Association between endogenously activated t cells and immunoglobulin\u2010secreting b cells in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Philip L.","family":"Cohen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Litvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John B.","family":"Winfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780180305"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"76","article-title":"Circulating and pokeweed mitogen\u2010induced immunoglobulin\u2010secreting cells in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"35","author":"Ginsburg WW","year":"1979","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(79)90095-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(80)90206-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(80)90003-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780200312"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1977.tb02135.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(73)90046-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"295","article-title":"Impaired responsiveness of lymphocytes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"18","author":"Suciu\u2010Foca N","year":"1974","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"228","article-title":"Study of lymphocyte subpopulations in normal humans and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by fractionation of peripheral blood lymphocyes on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient","volume":"26","author":"Glinski W","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780180303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"92","article-title":"Lymphocyte reactivity to mitogens in subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and scleroderma","volume":"27","author":"Horwitz DA","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108607"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780210608"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.121.4.1473","article-title":"Immunoregulatory aberrations in systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"121","author":"Fauci AS","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-1229(79)90060-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.7.3464"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.1965.14.2.142"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"391","article-title":"Circulating deoxyribonucleic acid synthesizing monocuclear leukocytes. 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