{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T04:35:40Z","timestamp":1783485340769,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,28]],"date-time":"2005-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7546,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 161 ambulatory rheumatic disease patients receiving long\u2010term prednisone therapy, diaphyseal mass (DM) and metaphyseal mass (MM) of the forearm were measured by single photon absorptiometry, and bone radiographs were reviewed when available. Multivariate analysis of treatment and patient characteristics demonstrated that glucocorticoid\u2010induced osteopenia (defined as an elevated DM:MM ratio) and bone fractures occurred with similar frequency in patients of each sex, in whites and blacks, in patients with various rheumatic diseases, and in patients receiving different regimens of prednisone therapy. However, large cumulative doses of prednisone were associated with elevated DM:MM ratios as well as with bone fractures, and menopause or age \u2a7e 50 years (males or females) was associated with bone fractures. We conclude that longterm therapy with various prednisone regimens results in glucocorticoid\u2010induced osteopenia and fractures. This affect is cumulative, occurs in all patient groups, and results in more bone fractures in certain groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780280402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T21:01:10Z","timestamp":1171486870000},"page":"361-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":207,"title":["Evaluation of factors associated with glucocorticoid\u2010induced osteopenia in patients with rheumatic diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Dykman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oscar S.","family":"Gluck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William A.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore J.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bevra H.","family":"Hahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1954.02950050007002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.19.2.135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780100504"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/39.3.288"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/71.1.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110570"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-39-2-274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(76)90020-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109506"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780240705"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"432","article-title":"Diagnosis of osteoporosis: usefulness of photon absorptiometry at the radius","volume":"18","author":"Wahner HW","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1949.02900430001001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-196805000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"419","article-title":"Osteoporosis and purpura in rheumatoid disease: prevalence and relation to treatment with corticosteroids","volume":"124","author":"McConkey B","year":"1962","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"S47","article-title":"Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in rheumatologic patients treated with prednisone (abstract)","volume":"26","author":"Clegg DO","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum (suppl)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"1300","article-title":"Effects of corticosteroids on bone mineral in rheumatoid arthritis and asthma (abstract)","volume":"126","author":"Mueller MN","year":"1976","journal-title":"AJR"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198308043090502"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"78","article-title":"Symposium on adrenal corticoid therapy: control of corticoid\u2010induced protein depletion and osteoporosis by anabolic steroid therapy","volume":"78","author":"Reifenstein EC","year":"1958","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.241.25.2721"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-4731(81)90270-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"212","article-title":"Effect of corticosteroids on calcium metabolism","volume":"17","author":"Raisz LG","year":"1980","journal-title":"Prog Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI108762"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-95-1-28"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","first-page":"997","article-title":"Risk factors for spinal osteoporosis in men","volume":"75","author":"Seeman E","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Med"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; 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