{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:25:12Z","timestamp":1773289512312,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,28]],"date-time":"2005-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7393,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found previously that crystals of sodium urate and silicon dioxide (silica) can stimulate the production of endogenous pyrogen (EP), now called interleukin\u20101 (IL\u20101), the polypeptide mediator of fever and other aspects of inflammation. We have confirmed and extended the work with urate crystals and have examined 2 other crystals associated with joint problems, hydroxyapatite (HA) and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD). The crystals were added to suspensions of human blood leukocytes (2.5 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup> monocytes\/dose, with 10% fresh autologous plasma); after 18 hours of incubation, the EP content of the supernatants was assayed in the rabbit pyrogen test. HA and CPPD crystals neither induced EP production nor reduced the amount of staphylococci\u2010induced EP. Presized (10\u201040 \u03bcm) urate crystals were pyrogenic, but less so than the unsized and aggregated urate crystals investigated previously and reexamined here. On ultrasonication, the aggregated urate crystals became first more pyrogenic and then less so as the crystals were dispersed and broken down. Ultrasound did not impart pyrogenicity to HA or CPPD crystals: their failure to stimulate EP\/IL\u20101 production from leukocytes in vitro indicates a difference in their phlogistic properties, compared with crystals of urate or silica. The results with urate crystals have pathogenetic implications in a number of areas of gouty inflammation: initiation of the acute attack, other aspects of the acute\u2010phase response, polyarticular involvement, and the inflammatory consequences of chronic stimulation by tophaceous material.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780280911","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T20:54:29Z","timestamp":1171486469000},"page":"1039-1046","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Crystal\u2010induced endogenous pyrogen production. A further look at gouty inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Stephen E.","family":"Malawista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon W.","family":"Duff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisha","family":"Atkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herman S.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel J.","family":"McCarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"234","article-title":"The fever of gout: urate crystals activate endogenous pyrogen production from human and rabbit mononuclear phagocytes","volume":"96","author":"Duff GW","year":"1983","journal-title":"Trans Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/6.1.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja01533a040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(00)95626-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780220705"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780221012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"284","article-title":"A comparison of the duration of local anti\u2010inflammatory effect of several adrenocorticosteroid esters\u2014a bio\u2010assay technique","volume":"5","author":"McCarty DJ","year":"1963","journal-title":"Curr Therap Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1962.03050190031006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(82)90005-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(82)90004-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"S241","article-title":"Gouty inflammation","volume":"20","author":"Malawista SE","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum (suppl)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"1245","volume-title":"Pathogenesis and treatment of crystal\u2010induced inflammation, Arthritis and Allied Conditions","author":"McCarty DJ","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780260612"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780050610"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.132.2.828","article-title":"Chemotactic cytokines: the role of leukocytic pyrogen and epidermal cell thymocyte\u2010activating factor in neutrophil chemotaxis","volume":"132","author":"Sauder DN","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.124.1.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780110204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109566"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109050"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.02.040184.001353"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.119.3.1068","article-title":"A functional differentiation of human neutrophil granules: generation of C5a by a specific (secondary) granule product and inactivation of C5a by azurophil (primary) granule products","volume":"119","author":"Wright DG","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.156.3.912"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","first-page":"153","article-title":"The search for an endogenous activator","volume":"58","author":"Gekowski KM","year":"1985","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780180729"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI109523"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.41.1.6-10.1983","article-title":"Further comparisons of endogenous pyrogens and leukocytic endogenous mediators","volume":"41","author":"Kampschmidt RF","year":"1983","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.41.3.282"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.42.2.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","first-page":"1276","volume-title":"Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition disease: pseudogout: articular chondrocalcinosis, Arthritis and Allied Conditions","author":"McCarty DJ","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/23.2.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(84)90007-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","first-page":"230","article-title":"The pathology of gout","volume":"6","author":"Sokoloff L","year":"1957","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/306378a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","first-page":"1397","volume-title":"Gout and related disorders of purine metabolism, Textbook of Rheumatology","author":"Kelley WN","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.4.2474"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"Stimulation of secretion of collagenase and prostaglandin E2 by synovial fibroblasts in response to crystals of monosodium urate monohydrate: a model for joint destruction in gout","volume":"94","author":"Hasselbacher P","year":"1981","journal-title":"Trans Assoc Am Physicians"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-1033.1980.tb04413.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270608"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00541598"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1780280911","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1780280911","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,22]],"date-time":"2023-11-22T23:49:40Z","timestamp":1700696980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1780280911"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1780280911"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780280911","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,9]]}}}