{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T01:41:57Z","timestamp":1785894117940,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,29]],"date-time":"2005-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6451,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using monoclonal antibodies to spirochetal antigens and lymphoid cell surface markers, we examined the synovial lesions of 12 patients with Lyme disease, and compared them with rheumatoid synovium and tonsillar lymphoid tissue. The synovial lesions of Lyme disease patients and rheumatoid arthritis patients were similar and often consisted of the elements found in normal organized lymphoid tissue. In both diseases, T cells, predominantly of the helper\/inducer subset, were distributed diffusely in subsynovial lining areas, often with nodular aggregates of tightly intermixed T and B cells. IgD\u2010bearing B cells were scattered within the aggregates, and a few follicular dendritic cells and activated germinal center B cells were sometimes present. Outside the aggregates, many plasma cells, high endothelial venules, scattered macrophages, and a few dendritic macrophages were found. HLA\u2013DR and DQ expression was intense throughout the lesions. In 6 of the 12 patients with Lyme arthritis, but in none of those with rheumatoid arthritis, a few spirochetes and globular antigen deposits were seen in and around blood vessels in areas of lymphocytic infiltration. Thus, in Lyme arthritis, a small number of spirochetes are probably the antigenic stimulus for chronic synovial inflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T22:13:04Z","timestamp":1171491184000},"page":"487-495","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":169,"title":["Spirochetal antigens and lymphoid cell surface markers in lyme synovitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Allen C.","family":"Steere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul H.","family":"Duray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene C.","family":"Butcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198303313081301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-5-725"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-6-896"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.154.1.3964949"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"Lyme arthritis: spirochetes found in synovial microangiopathic lesions","volume":"118","author":"Johnston YE","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.153.1.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"772","article-title":"IgM rheumatoid factor in Lyme disease: correlation with disease activity, total serum IgM, and IgM antibody to Borrelia burgdorferi","volume":"14","author":"Kujala GA","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"175","article-title":"1958 revision of diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Ropes MW","year":"1958","journal-title":"Bull Rheum Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/149.5.789"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112683"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.41.2.795-804.1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.52.2.549-554.1986","article-title":"A Borrelia\u2010specific monoclonal antibody binds to a flagellar epitope","volume":"52","author":"Barbour AG","year":"1986","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780261104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1982.tb00729.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"An immunohistologic analysis of lymphocyte subpopulations and their microenvironment in the synovial membrane of patients with rheumatoid arthritis using monoclonal antibodies","volume":"49","author":"Duke O","year":"1982","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780270106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111526"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Lymphoid tissues and organs, Fundamental Immunology","author":"Butcher EC","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1964.0001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780261203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI112312"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3726548"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.105.2.983"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1780310405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1780310405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T08:48:53Z","timestamp":1700729333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1780310405"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,4]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1780310405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780310405","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,4]]}}}