{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:43:15Z","timestamp":1790847795196,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]],"date-time":"2005-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5091,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic> Autoantibodies to CA were demonstrated in the sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and some other rheumatic diseases. This study was undertaken to define the isoform and species specificity of these reactions, as well as to develop a method for detecting immune complexes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> Antibodies to CA were sought by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by Western immunoblotting.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> An increased prevalence of CA autoantibodies was detected, by both methods, in patients with SLE, scleroderma, and polymyositis, compared with controls. In SLE patients, CA autoantibodies occurred preferentially in those with anti\u2014U1 RNP or anti\u2010U1 RNP and Ro\/SS\u2010A. Some sera reacted with only the CA 1 or CA II isoform, while \u02dc50% of sera that were CA positive reacted with both isoforms. The autoantibodies reacted preferentially with the human enzymes, rather than the bovine CA, both on Western blot and by ELISA. Selected IgG F(ab')<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> fragments from anti\u2010CA\u2014containing sera specifically inhibited the enzyme activity of CA, and the CA inhibitor acetazolamide partially inhibited the binding of anti\u2010CA to CA. Thus, at least a part of autoanti\u2010CA is directed toward the active site of CA. Finally, CA molecules were detected as immune complexes in sera from selected anti\u2010CA\u2010positive patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> Autoantibodies to CA represent a previously unrecognized autoantibody to an abundant intracellular protein of the human erythrocyte.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780350112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T23:49:17Z","timestamp":1171496957000},"page":"73-82","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Antibodies to Carbonic Anhydrase in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Other Rheumatic Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Itoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morris","family":"Reichlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1984.tb12351.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1933.sp003077"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.72.1.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","volume-title":"Crystal structure of carbonic anhydrase, Biophysics and Physiology of Carbon Dioxide","author":"Kannan KK","year":"1980"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780251101"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780321210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1990.tb05289.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)51011-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-711X(87)90320-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(72)90400-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(73)90655-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"141","article-title":"Amino acid composition of various forms of bovine and human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase","volume":"85","author":"Nyman PO","year":"1964","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(17)34695-1","article-title":"Discovery of carbonic anhydrase in rabbit skeletal muscle and evidence for its identity with \u201cbasic muscle protein\u201d","volume":"253","author":"Register AM","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00504307"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1984.tb12333.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)33676-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.9.5562"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)75797-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198507183130302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"125","article-title":"Carbonic anhydrase II deficiency: diagnosis and carrier detection using differential enzyme inhibition and inactivation","volume":"38","author":"Sundaram V","year":"1986","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1984.tb12359.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/282468a0"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","first-page":"S81","article-title":"Autoepitopes of the p70\/p80 (Ku) antigen are in regions of evolutionary instability (abstract)","volume":"32","author":"Porges A","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114150"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","first-page":"373","article-title":"Autoimmune response to the Ro particle is directed to the human antigen","volume":"76","author":"Reichlin M","year":"1989","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1835","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.5.1835","article-title":"The specificity of human anti\u2010cytochrome c autoantibodies that arise in autoimmune disease","volume":"144","author":"Mamula MJ","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2744(81)90136-4"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; 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