{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:01:26Z","timestamp":1770699686511,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,16]],"date-time":"2008-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1208304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5615,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic> To assess the role of T lymphocyte sensitization in the etiology of side effects of gold therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> Lymphocyte proliferation induced by gold(III) and gold(I) salts was measured in 53 subjects: 30 RA patients with gold\u2010induced side effects (17 with dermatitis, 9 with proteinuria, 3 with hematologic complications, and 1 with colitis), 9 RA patients without side effects despite prolonged chrysotherapy, 4 RA patients who had never received gold, and 10 healthy controls. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were cultured with the different gold salts and proliferation was measured by <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>H\u2010thymidine incorporation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> Thirteen of the 17 RA patients who developed gold\u2010induced dermatitis showed significant T lymphocyte proliferation in response to gold(III) salts, and this proliferation could be completely blocked by monoclonal antibodies directed at the HLA\u2014DR molecule. Such proliferative responses were not seen in patients with other gold\u2010induced side effects, in patients who had never received gold, or in healthy controls. Only 1 of 9 patients who had not developed side effects despite long\u2010term maintenance chrysotherapy showed significant lymphocyte activation with gold(III) salts. Lymphocyte proliferation could not be induced with gold(I) salts or with other metal salts.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> Patients with RA who develop dermatitis following treatment with sodium aurothiomalate [gold(I)] have T cells which proliferate in an HLA\u2014DR\u2014restricted manner in response to HAuCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> [gold(III)]. We believe this observation can lead to more accurate diagnosis and treatment of side effects, which currently limit the use of one of the most effective antirheumatic drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780351203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T23:48:17Z","timestamp":1171496897000},"page":"1413-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Activation of gold\u2010reactive T lymphocytes in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with gold"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jo","family":"Verwilghen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabrielle H.","family":"Kingsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorraine","family":"Gambling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel S.","family":"Panayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","volume-title":"Immunological and immune\u2010mediated toxic effects of gold compounds used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Immunotoxicity of Metals and Immunotoxicology","author":"Panayi GS","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","volume-title":"Immunomodulatory effect of gold compounds, Myocrisin: 50 Years Experience","author":"Lipsky PE","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0049-0172(85)90043-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.48.9.730"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198008073030602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1974.01630030032006","article-title":"Gold dermatitis: a clinical and histopathological study","volume":"109","author":"Penneys NS","year":"1974","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/29.1.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"71","article-title":"The comparative evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of gold compounds","volume":"8","author":"Sadler PJ","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"287","article-title":"The mammalian biochemistry of gold: an inorganic perspective of chrysotherapy","volume":"2","author":"Shaw CF","year":"1979","journal-title":"Inorg Perspect Biol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2132","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.145.7.2132","article-title":"Adverse immune reactions to gold. I. Chronic treatment with an Au(I) drug sensitizes mouse T cells not to Au(I), but to Au(III) and induces autoantibody formation","volume":"145","author":"Schuhmann D","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"175","article-title":"1958 revision of diagnostic criteria for rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"9","author":"Ropes MW","year":"1958","journal-title":"Bull Rheum Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6468(08)70327-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.27.6.582"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunologic study of chrysotherapy intolerance using Shelley's test, the lymphoblastic transformation test and the leucocyte migration inhibition test","volume":"41","author":"Louyot P","year":"1974","journal-title":"Rev Rhum Mal Osteoartic"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"395","article-title":"Editorial. Tuberculosis: injurious effects of Krysolgan in pulmonary tuberculosis","year":"1922","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.1966.160"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/332840a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115569"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3929","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.135.6.3929","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of Ni\u2010specific T cell clones from patients with Ni\u2010contact dermatitis","volume":"135","author":"Sinigaglia F","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Immunol"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1780351203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1780351203","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T11:26:49Z","timestamp":1700738809000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1780351203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1780351203"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780351203","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}}}