{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:28:06Z","timestamp":1791160086200,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,16]],"date-time":"2008-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1208304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5615,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic> To delineate the phenotype and function of synovial T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> T cells from normal subjects or from RA peripheral blood (PB), synovial fluid (SF), or synovial tissue (ST) were analyzed phenotypically and functionally.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> RA SF and ST T cells were found to be markedly enriched in CD45RA<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup>, CD45RO+, CD45RB<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> mature memory cells, whereas in the PB, CD45RA<jats:sup>bright<\/jats:sup> naive T cells were more frequent than CD45RO+ memory T cells, and only a minority were CD45RB<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup>. SF and ST T cells proliferated less well and produced less interleukin\u20102 in response to mitogenic stimuli than did PB T cells. However, synovial T cells effectively promoted the production of Ig from normal B cells. Moreover, PB and synovial T cells differed in their capacity to down\u2010regulate immunoglobulin production. Anti\u2010CD3\u2014stimulated PB T cells suppressed Ig production unless their proliferation was prevented with mitomycin C. In contrast, synovial T cells were potent helpers of B cell Ig production regardless of antecedent treatment with mitomycin C. To examine the relationship between the CD45RB<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> phenotype and B cell help, CD45RB<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> T cells were sorted from PB. As opposed to the findings with synovial T cells, suppression by control PB CD45RB<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> T cells was observed, but only when large numbers were employed. B cell Ig production was enhanced after treatment of PB CD45RB<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> T cells with mitomycin C. In contrast, healthy control sorted CD45RB<jats:sup>bright<\/jats:sup> or sorted CD4+, CD45RO+, CD45RB<jats:sup>bright<\/jats:sup> T cells did not support Ig secretion. After treatment with mitomycin C, both of these populations were more effective helpers of Ig production.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> RA synovium is enriched in differentiated CD45RB<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup> memory T cells with potent helper activity and diminished capacity to down\u2010regulate B cells, strongly implying an active role for these cells in the production of Ig in the synovium, and thus in the propagation of disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780351209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T23:48:17Z","timestamp":1171496897000},"page":"1455-1465","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Rheumatoid synovium is enriched in CD45RB<sup>dim<\/sup> mature memory T cells that are potent helpers for B cell differentiation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Ranjeny","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"McIlraith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurie S.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter E.","family":"Lipsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780311003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"662","article-title":"Expression of HLA\u2010DR, DQ and DP antigens and interleukin\u20102 receptor on synovial fluid T lymphocyte subsets in rheumatoid arthritis: evidence for \u201cfrustrated\u201d activation","volume":"14","author":"Pitzalis C","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830180915"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1990.tb02762.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.128.1.351","article-title":"Synovial fluid lymphocytes differ from peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"128","author":"Fox RI","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780300117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-8411(89)80002-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01857219"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780321221"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780311225"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1986.tb02005.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330602"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00918190"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.175.2.613"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005033221805"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780280704"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2776(08)60237-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2597","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.8.2597","article-title":"T cell regulation of human B cell proliferation and differentiation: regulatory influences of CD45R+ and CD45R\u2013 T4 cell subsets","volume":"142","author":"Hirohata S","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90058-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780300802"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"427","article-title":"Memory CD4+ T cells in man form two distinct subpopulations, defined by their expression of isoforms of the leucocyte common antigen, CD45","volume":"70","author":"Mason DW","year":"1990","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.163.4.774"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.3.653"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","volume-title":"Leukocyte Typing","author":"Hansen JA","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","first-page":"77","article-title":"Isolation of mononuclear cells and granulocytes from human blood: isolation of mononuclear cells by one centrifugation, and of granulocytes by combining centrifugation and sedimentation at 1 g","volume":"21","author":"Boyum A","year":"1968","journal-title":"Scand J Clin Lab Invest Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.122.3.926","article-title":"Monocyte dependence of pokeweed mitogen\u2010induced differentiation of immunoglobulin\u2010secreting cells from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells","volume":"122","author":"Rosenberg SA","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.75.6.2844"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.146.6.2073","article-title":"Frequency of human B cells that differentiate in response to anti\u2010CD3\u2010activated T cells","volume":"146","author":"Amoroso K","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3155","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.145.10.3155","volume":"145","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.2.404","article-title":"Generation of non\u2010dividing high rate Ig\u2010secreting plasma cells in cultures of human B cells stimulated with anti\u2010CD3\u2010activated T cells","volume":"148","author":"Vernino L","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.3.1038","article-title":"The immunosuppressive activity of L\u2010leucyl\u2010L\u2010leucine methyl ester: selective ablation of cytotoxic lymphocytes and monocytes","volume":"136","author":"Thiele DL","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3736","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.140.11.3736","article-title":"T cell\u2010dependent activation of B cell proliferation and differentiation by immobilized monoclonal antibodies to CD3","volume":"140","author":"Hirohata S","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_2","first-page":"113","article-title":"Synovial cell secretion of IL\u20102 in vitro: a limiting dilution analysis","volume":"9","author":"Aaron S","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1979.tb01378.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_2","first-page":"438","article-title":"Helper T cell function of rheumatoid synovial tissue lymphocytes","volume":"11","author":"McCain GA","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-75244-5_5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.2.324","article-title":"Long\u2010term CD4+ memory T cells from the spleen lack MEL\u201014, the lymph node homing receptor","volume":"148","author":"Bradley LM","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830190407"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(91)90036-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3726","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.141.11.3726","article-title":"Phenotypic and functional characterization of human T cell clones","volume":"141","author":"Patel SS","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009748809102966"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.1.291"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780320621"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1694041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2113314"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90127-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3104","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.9.3104","article-title":"Role of IL\u20102 in the generation of CD4+ suppressors of human B cell responsiveness","volume":"142","author":"Hirohata S","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.4.1170","article-title":"Identification of subsets of human T cells capable of enhanced transendothelial migration","volume":"149","author":"Pietschmann P","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(90)90287-2"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1780351209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1780351209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T11:27:10Z","timestamp":1700738830000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1780351209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1780351209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780351209","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,12]]}}}