{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:41:03Z","timestamp":1761716463619},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]],"date-time":"2005-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4240,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To explore the utility of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the diagnosis, management, and investigation of arthritis due to <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. The PCR was used to detect DNA from <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> in model systems and in extracts of synovial fluid (SF) from patients with systemic gonococcal infections and objective evidence of arthritis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. One <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> organism or its equivalent was detectable in human SF from inflamed joints. Five of 8 patients with systemic <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> infection and arthritis had <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> DNA demonstrated by PCR in at least 1 pretreatment SF specimen that was <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> culture positive. Thirty\u2010seven of 38 control specimens were negative, the exception probably being due to cross\u2010contamination from a positive specimen. All specimens that were positive for <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> by other methods were also positive by PCR. Two others were positive by PCR but negative by other methods. Four pretreatment specimens were negative by all methods, including PCR. This suggests that, for these patients, negative cultures reflected true absence of <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>, and not the presence of unculturable organisms. This group also had a significantly shorter duration of disease than did the patients with <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> DNA found in their SF. All patients had a prompt response to antibiotic treatment. Two of 3 patients whose specimens were previously positive showed marked decreases in SF <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> DNA after treatment.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The PCR using these or similar oligonucleotide primers can be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of gonococcal arthritis and can be of value in assessing its response to therapy. In some <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\u2013associated arthritides, there appears to be a lack of both viable and nonviable <jats:italic>N gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> organisms in the SF. These observations may have implications regarding the pathogenesis of this form of arthritis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370515","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,15]],"date-time":"2007-02-15T01:15:04Z","timestamp":1171502104000},"page":"710-717","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Use of the polymerase chain reaction to study arthritis due to <i>neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Bethi","family":"Muralidhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter M.","family":"Rumore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles R.","family":"Steinman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","volume-title":"Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases","author":"Handsfield H","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(81)80002-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-102-2-229"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"164","article-title":"Specific detection and semiquantitation of microorganisms in tissue by nucleic acid hybridization. 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Characterization of the method and application to model systems","volume":"86","author":"Steinman CR","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780190106"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199210293271808"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2448875","article-title":"Primer\u2010directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA","volume":"239","author":"Saiki RK","year":"1988","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","volume-title":"Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual","author":"Sambrook J","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","unstructured":"MuralidharB SteinmanCR: Design and characterization of PCR primers for detection of pathogenic Neisseriae.Mol Cell Probes(in press)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","volume-title":"Enzymatic amplification of DNA by the polymerase chain reaction: standard procedures and optimization, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology","author":"Coen DM","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/20.7.1717"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"Statistical Methods","author":"Snedecor G","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.171.3.1602-1608.1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","volume-title":"DNA sequencing, Current Protocols in Molecular Biology","author":"Tabor S","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(92)90497-D"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"1735","article-title":"Specific Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA\u2010probes derived from ribosomal RNA","volume":"135","author":"Rossau R","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Gen Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-6968.1989.tb03213.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199012063232301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199207303270501"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199301073280113"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1780370515","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1780370515","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T18:56:57Z","timestamp":1700765817000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1780370515"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1780370515"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780370515","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,5]]}}}