{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T08:17:25Z","timestamp":1792052245559,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]],"date-time":"2005-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4026,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis & Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To develop and validate a self\u2010 or parent\u2010administered instrument for measuring functional status in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).<\/jats:p>Methods<\/jats:italic>. We adapted the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) for use in children ages 1\u201319 years, by adding several new questions, such that for each functional area, there was at least 1 question relevant to children of all ages. The face validity of the instrument was evaluated by a group of 20 health professionals and parents of 22 healthy children. The questionnaire was then administered to parents of 72 JRA patients (mean age 9.1 years, onset type systemic in 16, polyarticular in 21, pauciarticular in 35).<\/jats:p>Results<\/jats:italic>. The instrument showed excellent internal reliability (Cronbach's \u03b1 = 0.94), with a mean inter\u2010item correlation of 0.6. The convergent validity was demonstrated by strong correlations of the Disability Index (average of scores on all functional areas) with Steinbrocker functional class (Kendall's tau b = 0.77, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.0001), number of involved joints (Kendall's tau b = 0.67, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.0001), and morning stiffness (Kendall's tau b = 0.54, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.0001). Spearman's correlation coefficient between Disability Index scores from questionnaires administered to parents and those from questionnaires administered to older children (>8 years) was 0.84 (n = 29; P<\/jats:italic> < 0.001), showing that parents can accurately report for their children. The test\u2013retest reliability, studied at a 2\u2010week interval, revealed virtually identical Disability Index scores measured on the 2 occasions (0.96 versus 0.96; P<\/jats:italic> > 0.9 by paired t<\/jats:italic>\u2010test; Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.8, P<\/jats:italic> < 0.002).<\/jats:p>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> The Childhood HAQ, which takes less than 10 minutes to complete, is a valid, reliable, and sensitive instrument for measuring functional status in children with JRA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780371209","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,15]],"date-time":"2007-02-15T00:56:34Z","timestamp":1171500994000},"page":"1761-1769","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":688,"title":["Measurement of health status in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Gurkirpal","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balu H.","family":"Athreya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James F.","family":"Fries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald P.","family":"Goldsmith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","volume-title":"Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Textbook of Rheumatology","author":"Cassidy JT","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(21)00889-9","article-title":"Rheumatic diseases of childhood.","volume":"16","author":"Singsen B","year":"1990","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"109","article-title":"Standard methodology for segment I, II, and III Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group studies. I. Design.","volume":"9","author":"Brewer EJ","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"114","article-title":"Standard methodology for segment I, II, and III Pediatric Rheumatology Collaborative Study Group studies. II. Analysis and presentation of data.","volume":"9","author":"Giannini EH","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310103"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780300713"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"S151","article-title":"Development of a functional assessment tool for children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (abstract)","volume":"31","author":"Rhodes VJ","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anr.1780321107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780340713"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/53.2.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/61.4.503","article-title":"Basic gross motor assessment: tool for use with children having minor motor dysfunction.","volume":"61","author":"Hughes JE","year":"1981","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"The Denver Developmental Screening Test manual","author":"Frankenburg WK","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/XXII.suppl_1.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230202"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1790050303"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","first-page":"195","article-title":"Current proposed revision of JRA criteria","volume":"20","author":"Brewer EJ","year":"1977","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1949.02900430001001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"785","article-title":"The AIMS approach to health status measurement: conceptual background and measurement properties.","volume":"9","author":"Meenan R","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","volume-title":"Chronic rheumatic disease, Quality of Life Assessments in Clinical Trials","author":"Liang MH","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.74.2.159"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","first-page":"780","article-title":"The McMaster Health Index Questionnaire as a measure of quality of life for patients with rheumatoid disease.","volume":"9","author":"Chambers LW","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330420"}],"container-title":["Arthritis & Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1780371209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1780371209","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T01:44:41Z","timestamp":1700703881000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1780371209"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1780371209"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780371209","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]}}}