{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T18:20:00Z","timestamp":1788373200482,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]],"date-time":"2005-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3722,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To investigate for the presence of increased titers of circulating antibody to putative infectious agents and for detectable viral RNA or bacterial DNA in children with active recent\u2010onset juvenile der\u2010 matomyositis (DM).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Magnetic resonance imaging\u2013directed muscle biopsies were performed in 20 children with active, untreated, recent\u2010onset juvenile DM and in age\u2010matched children with neurologic disease. Sera were tested for complement\u2010fixing antibody to Coxsack\u2010ievirus B (CVB), influenza A and B, parainfluenza 1 and 3, <jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, mumps, respiratory syncytial virus, and Reovirus; and by immunofluorescence for IgG antibody to <jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> cytomegalovirus and IgM antibody to Epstein\u2010Barr virus. Muscle from juvenile DM patients and control children, CD\u20101 Swiss mice with and without CVB1 infection, and viral stock positive for CVB1\u20136 were tested using reverse\u2010transcriptase polymerase chain reaction with 5 primer sets, 4 probes (1 Coxsackievirus, 3 Enterovirus), and universal primers for DNA.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. No increased antibody, viral RNA, or bacterial DNA was present in the juvenile DM patients or the control children.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Juvenile DM may be triggered by unidentified agent(s) in the genetically susceptible host.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780381019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,15]],"date-time":"2007-02-15T01:55:12Z","timestamp":1171504512000},"page":"1513-1518","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Lack of detection of enteroviral rna or bacterial dna in magnetic resonance imaging\u2013directed muscle biopsies from twenty children with active untreated juvenile dermatomyositis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Lauren M.","family":"Pachman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah L.","family":"Litt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne H.","family":"Rowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer R.","family":"Hayford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Caliendo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Heller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baruch S.","family":"Ticho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Christensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven R.","family":"Ytterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Pallansch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197502132920706"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780291109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"346","article-title":"Duration of virus persistence and its relationship to inflammation in the chronic phase of coxsackievirus B1\u2010induced murine polymyositis","volume":"123","author":"Tam PE","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"493","article-title":"A simple method of estimating fifty percent endpoint","volume":"27","author":"Reed LJ","year":"1938","journal-title":"Am J Hygiene"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Genotype\u2010specific in vitro amplification of sequences of the wild type 3 polioviruses from Mexico and Guatemala","volume":"24","author":"Yang C\u2010F","year":"1992","journal-title":"Virus Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1119(88)90109-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199012063232301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)91134-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.52.8.575"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.49.5.310"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00403323"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(77)92487-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"197","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis and dermatomyositis: a causal or casual relationship","volume":"11","author":"Lapetina F","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pediatr Med Chir"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.239.10.959"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"S88","article-title":"Seasonal onset in juvenile dermatomyositis: an epidemiological study (abstract)","volume":"35","author":"Pachman LM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; 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