{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:04:23Z","timestamp":1761609863866},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]],"date-time":"2005-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3602,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic> To investigate the trafficking of circulating blood neutrophils and synovial fluid neutrophils in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and the influence of a 1,000\u2010mg intravenous pulse of methylprednisolone succinate (MP).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> Neutrophils were isolated from the circulation and from the knee synovial compartments of subjects with RA. Circulating neutrophils were labeled with technetium\u201099m hexametazime (<jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc\u2010HMPAO) and reinjected intravenously. Synovial fluid neutrophils were labeled with indium\u2010111 oxine and reinjected into the knee from which they were isolated. Gamma camera images were obtained at intervals up to 24 hours post MP. Each patient had a baseline study (no MP) and a study in which MP was administered either 4 hours before (2 patients), 10 minutes before (1 patient), or 30 minutes to 1.5 hours after (6 patients) injection of the radiolabeled neutrophils. Subsequent analysis allowed quantitation of the neutrophil uptake into and clearance from the knee as a function of time.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> Nine patients who had not received glucocorticoids in the previous 3 months were studied. MP significantly decreased neutrophil ingress in 13 of the 16 knees studied (almost total inhibition in 5 knees), and this occurred within 1.5 hours of MP administration in all except 1 knee. At 24 hours after MP administration, there was a significant increase in visual analog scale (VAS) scores for well\u2010being and significant decreases in scores on the modified Health Assessment Questionnaire (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05), tender joints (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.005), VAS for pain (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.005), and generalized stiffness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.005), as well as a decrease in the C\u2010reactive protein level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). MP had no effect on neutrophil egress (2 patients). Two additional patients who were receiving oral glucocorticoids were studied. One of them was clinically unresponsive to oral prednisolone, and MP had no effect on neutrophil ingress. The other patient showed no neutrophil ingress during the baseline study. This was confirmed by the presence of a noninflammatory synovial fluid at arthrocentesis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> Neutrophil ingress into and egress from inflamed joints can be accurately monitored using radiolabeled neutrophils and quantitative gamma camera imaging. MP rapidly and substantially decreases neutrophil ingress into inflamed joints. In contrast, MP has no effect on neutrophil egress from the joint.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390207","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T11:47:58Z","timestamp":1171453678000},"page":"216-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Neutrophil trafficking into inflamed joints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and the effects of methylprednisolone"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Peter P.","family":"Youssef","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Cormack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Evill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daryl T.","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J.","family":"Roberts\u2010Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Ahern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malcolm D.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199104000-00008","article-title":"The role of the neutrophil in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"265","author":"Kitsis E","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00541364"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"289","article-title":"Granulocyte survival in synovial exudate of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory joint diseases","volume":"39","author":"Hollingsworth JW","year":"1967","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.40.4.396"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198902093200606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"229","article-title":"The clinical and immunological effects of pulse methylprednisolone therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. 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