{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T01:27:40Z","timestamp":1791163660267,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]],"date-time":"2005-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3420,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>: To characterize the initiation and progress of localized autoimmune damage in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (SS), an autoimmune disease that is also considered to be a lymphoaggressive disorder, by examining the pattern of cytokine production at the site of autoimmune damage.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Using a polymerase chain reaction\u2013based method, cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in the labial salivary glands of 15 patients with SS was investigated. In addition, the infiltrating lymphocytes in the labial salivary glands were examined immunohistochemically.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Messenger RNAs of Th1 cytokines, such as interleukin\u20102 (IL\u20102) and interferon\u2010\u03b3, were consistently detected in all patients, while Th2 cytokine mRNAs, such as IL\u20104 and IL\u20105, were detected in some cases, in association with strong B cell accumulation in the labial salivary glands. Other cytokine mRNAs produced by a variety of cell types, including ILIO, IL\u20106, and transforming growth factor \u03b2 (TGF\u03b2), were also consistently detected in all patients, while IL\u201012 mRNA was detected in some of the patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. These results suggest that Th1 cytokines, as well as IL\u201010, IL\u20106, and TGF\u03b2, are essential in the induction and\/or maintenance of SS, while Th2 cytokines are involved in the progression of the disease process, especially local B cell activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T12:02:15Z","timestamp":1171454535000},"page":"1376-1384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":138,"title":["Cytokine messenger rna expression in the labial salivary glands of patients with Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Ohyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiji","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Goro","family":"Matsuzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanori","family":"Shinohara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Hiroki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Fujimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyogo","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kikuo","family":"Nomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-50118-0","volume-title":"Sj\u00f6gren's Syndrome\u2014Clinical and Immunological Aspects","author":"Talal N","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.130.1.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.136.7.2348"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1925582"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1681588"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.2.543"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.7.2142","article-title":"Reciprocal regulatory effects of IFN\u2010\u03b3 and IL\u20104 on the in vitro development of human Th1 and Th2 clones","volume":"148","author":"Maggi E","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.142.12.4295"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8097338"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.2.574"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.7.2496"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI115055"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.178.1.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.9.3347","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of cytokine gene expression in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"144","author":"Firestein GS","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.175.4.993"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.11.5532"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"26","article-title":"Criteria for Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome in Japan","volume":"61","author":"Homma M","year":"1986","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360309"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"556","article-title":"Labial salivary gland biopsy in Sj\u00f6gren's disease","volume":"21","author":"Chisholm DM","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1994.tb01115.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90021-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(05)80308-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116256"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117157"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.168.4.1419"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.169.3.677"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290908"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_2","first-page":"475","article-title":"Epithelial HLA\u2010DR expression and T\u2010cell subsets in salivary glands in Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome","volume":"61","author":"Lindahl G","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.1993.tb01696.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.2.1116","article-title":"Studies on the mechanisms by which transforming growth factor\u2010\u03b2 (TGF\u2010\u03b2) protects against allergic encephalomyelitis","volume":"151","author":"Santambrogio L","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.181.2.817"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1780390816","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1780390816","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T03:49:23Z","timestamp":1698724163000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1780390816"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1780390816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1780390816","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,8]]}}}