{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T05:18:33Z","timestamp":1790054313293,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]],"date-time":"2005-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3359,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>\n                    . To determine the prevalence and important clinical predictors of radiographic and physiologic abnormalities indicative of rheumatoid arthritis interstitial lung disease (RA\u2010ILD).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    . An unselected cohort of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of RA and known lung disease were identified (n = 336) and evaluated for RA disease activity and severity. Outcomes included abnormalities determined by the pulmonary function tests of forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (DLco), and\/or chest radiographic findings of interstitial infiltrates. We used multivariable statistical modeling to determine the independent significance of cigarette smoking and other RA\u2010specific factors on the pulmonary abnormalities of interest.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . At least 1 of the 3 abnormal findings was identified by pulmonary tests in 32.4% of all patients. These abnormal findings included an FVC &lt;80% of predicted in 42 patients, a DLco &lt;80% of predicted in 64 patients, and evidence of radiographic interstitial infiltrates in 40 patients. After statistical adjustment for confounding factors, pack\u2010years of cigarette smoking remained a significant predictor of low DLco (\u03b2 = \u22120.07, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] \u22120.09, \u22120.04), low FVC (\u03b2 = \u22120.003, 95% CI \u22120.006, \u22120.0004), and interstitial abnormalities on chest radiograph (odds ratio for \u2a7e25 pack\u2010years = 3.76, 95% CI 1.59, 8.88). The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) Disability Index (DI) was also an important risk factor for the decline in both the DLco (\u03b2 = \u22121.15, 95% CI \u22122.00, \u22120.30) and FVC (\u03b2 = \u22120.23, 95% CI \u22120.32, \u22120.13).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Although RA disease activity\/severity (particularly as defined by the HAQ DI) was important, smoking was the most consistent independent predictor of radiographic and physiologic abnormalities suggestive of ILD in RA.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780391014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T06:51:14Z","timestamp":1171435874000},"page":"1711-1719","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":196,"title":["Rheumatoid arthritis lung disease. Determinants of radiographic and physiologic abnormalities"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Kenneth G.","family":"Saag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheela","family":"Kolluri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachelle K.","family":"Koehnke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas A.","family":"Georgou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Rachow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary W.","family":"Hunninghake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David 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