{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T19:33:11Z","timestamp":1789759991528,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,12]],"date-time":"2005-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3147,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1997,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic> There is relatively little direct evidence for the roles of interleukin\u20101 (IL\u20101) and tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF\u03b1) in activating endothelium in vivo. The aim of this study was to use in vitro and in vivo models to investigate the contribution of these cytokines to both E\u2010selectin expression and the recruitment of polymor\u2010phonuclear cells (PMN) in monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystal\u2010induced inflammation.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods.<\/jats:italic> MSU crystals were incubated with freshly isolated mononuclear cells, after which the harvested supernatants were tested for their ability to induce E\u2010selectin expression during coculture with human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Subsequent experiments were performed with the addition of neutralizing anticytokine antibodies\/antisera. The role of TNF\u03b1 was then studied in an MSU crystal\u2010induced monarthritis model, in the presence or absence of anti\u2010TNF\u03b1 (5 mg\/kg intravenously). <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>technetium (<jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc)\u2010labeled PMN cells and <jats:sup>111<\/jats:sup>indium (<jats:sup>111<\/jats:sup>In)\u2010labeled anti\u2010E\u2010selectin monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1.2B6 were intravenously administered 4 hours after intraarticular injection to quantify PMN recruitment and E\u2010selectin expression in inflamed joints.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic> MSU crystals were a potent stimulus for IL\u20101 and TNF\u03b1 production by monocytes in vitro, and these cytokines fully accounted for MSU crystalstimulated, monocyte\u2010mediated endothelial activation. In the MSU crystal\u2010induced monarthritis model, TNF\u03b1 blockade was very effective in suppressing both E\u2010selectin expression and PMN emigration into the inflamed joints, as judged by gamma\u2010camera image analysis and postmortem tissue counting following the intravenous injection of <jats:sup>99m<\/jats:sup>Tc\u2010PMN and <jats:sup>111<\/jats:sup>In\u2010anti\u2010E\u2010selectin MAb.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic> IL\u20101 and TNF\u03b1 appear to be the only factors released by monocytes following incubation with MSU crystals, which induce E\u2010selectin expression in vitro. Anti\u2010TNF\u03b1 is effective in suppressing endothelial activation and PMN recruitment in vivo E\u2010selectin imaging can be used to assess the endothelial response to therapy and may prove useful for clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T12:45:20Z","timestamp":1171457120000},"page":"955-965","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Endothelial activation in monosodium urate monohydrate crystal\u2010induced inflammation. 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