{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T14:50:56Z","timestamp":1773499856088,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,8]],"date-time":"2005-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5030,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ratio of quadriceps to hamstrings muscle strength (Q\/H ratio) is important for the stability of the knee and for protection from excessive stress. The purpose of this study was to explore whether the Q\/H ratio is altered in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Subjects were 43 patients with physician\u2010diagnosed OA of the knee (mean age, 65.61 years; SD, 12.74). Isometric knee flexor and extensor strength was measured with a hand\u2010held dynamometer. Both muscle groups were weak, with relatively greater weakness in the quadriceps muscles. The mean Q\/H ratio of 1.43 (SD, 0.39) was below ratios reported for young healthy adults (2.0). The low Q\/H ratio might be caused by the inability to correct the measurement for gravity, but a liberal estimate of gravity correction raised the ratio only to 1.71 (SD, 0.47). The low Q\/H ratio was probably not caused by physiologic changes due to aging, because the correlation between the ratio and age was low (\u22120.04). Since the correlation of the Q\/H ratio with the usual level of pain (measured by a visual analogue scale) was negative (\u22120.26), the low ratio might be explained by reflex inhibition due to pain associated with disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1790050107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,15]],"date-time":"2007-02-15T00:10:09Z","timestamp":1171498209000},"page":"24-28","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Differential muscle strength decline in osteoarthritis of the knee. A developing hypothesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Karen W.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Falconer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"367","article-title":"Muscle rehabilitation: its effect on muscular and functional performance of patients with knee osteoarthritis","volume":"72","author":"Fisher NM","year":"1991","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"167","article-title":"The relationships of functional capacity, pain, and isometric and isokinetic torque in osteoarthrosis of the knee","volume":"17","author":"Lankhorst GJ","year":"1985","journal-title":"Scand J Rehad Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1984.6.1.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"245","article-title":"Reeducation of vastus medialis: a misconception","volume":"51","author":"Basmajian JV","year":"1970","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196547020-00008","article-title":"Joint distension and reflex muscle inhibition in the knee","volume":"47","author":"De De","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [Am]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"425","article-title":"Investigations of quadriceps inhibition: implications for clinical practice","volume":"70","author":"Stokes M","year":"1984","journal-title":"Physiotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"171","article-title":"Knee joint effusion and quadriceps reflex inhibition in man","volume":"65","author":"Spencer JD","year":"1984","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Knee muscle torques in patellofemoral pain syndrome","volume":"40","author":"Macintyre D","year":"1988","journal-title":"Physiother Can"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"105","article-title":"Isokinetic dynamometry: normative data for clinical use in lower extremity (knee) cases","volume":"11","author":"Goslin BR","year":"1979","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290816"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","volume-title":"A System Based on Mechanics","author":"Smidt GL","year":"1984"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/64.9.1375","article-title":"Effect of trunk stabilization on quadriceps femoris muscle torque","volume":"64","author":"Hart DL","year":"1984","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.86.2.420"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(76)90113-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/60.4.412"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/40.3.275"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1982.tb07054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/67.6.931"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/66.2.206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1283","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/62.9.1283","article-title":"Factors contributing to the regulation and clinical assessment of muscular strength","volume":"62","author":"Smidt GL","year":"1982","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_2","first-page":"S92","article-title":"Knee flexor\/extensor strength ratios in the elder male population [abst R215]","volume":"71","author":"Montuori SL","year":"1991","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1986.7.5.232"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/63.5.674","article-title":"Correction of isokinetic and isometric torque recording for the effects of gravity","volume":"63","author":"Nelson SG","year":"1983","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/57.6.637","article-title":"Maximum isometric knee flexor and extensor muscle contractions: normal patterns of torque versus time","volume":"57","author":"Murray MP","year":"1977","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354658701500302"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.1790050107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.1790050107","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,23]],"date-time":"2023-11-23T07:43:03Z","timestamp":1700725383000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.1790050107"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.1790050107"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.1790050107","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1992,3]]}}}