{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T01:26:24Z","timestamp":1791163584416,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,3]],"date-time":"2004-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1086220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["Do 491\/4-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Do 491\/4-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Sonderforschungsbereich","award":["421\/C7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["421\/C7"]}]},{"name":"Ministry for Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic","award":["MSM\/111100003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MSM\/111100003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To delineate disturbances in peripheral B cell memory in primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (SS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Isotype\u2010specific immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy\u2010chain transcripts were analyzed in single\u2010sorted CD19+,CD27\u2212 naive and CD19+,CD27+ memory B cells from patients with primary SS and normal healthy control subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A significantly higher frequency of B cells expressing \u03bc\u2010, \u03b1\u2010, and\/or \u03b3\u2010chain transcripts were found in patients with primary SS compared with controls (58.0% versus 14.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). Notably, 30.5% of individual B cells (for primary SS, 38.7%; for controls, 12.7% [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001]) simultaneously expressed transcripts for different Ig heavy\u2010chain isotypes using identical V<jats:sub>H<\/jats:sub>\u2013D\u2013J<jats:sub>H<\/jats:sub> rearrangements. However, these cells lacked surface expression of more than one of the respective Ig heavy\u2010chain isotypes as well as messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts for 2 germinal center markers, activation\u2010induced cytidine deaminase, and Bcl\u20106. In contrast with the findings in normal healthy controls, peripheral B cell memory in patients with primary SS was characterized by 1) circulating CD27+ B cells expressing heavily mutated Ig V<jats:sub>H<\/jats:sub> transcripts (mutational frequency 8.6% versus 4.3%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), 2) significantly enhanced mutational frequencies of C\u03bc transcripts (9.6% versus 2.5%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), 3) a high proportion (61.2%) of CD27+ B cells expressing transcripts for multiple Ig heavy\u2010chain isotypes, and 4) a CD27\u2212 memory\u2010type B cell subpopulation expressing mutated C\u03bc transcripts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Altogether, both B cell hyperactivity and striking abnormalities in peripheral B cell memory are indicated at the single\u2010cell mRNA level in patients with primary SS. Detection of multiple Ig heavy\u2010chain transcripts in peripheral CD19+,CD27+ memory B cells of patients with SS may represent the abnormal retention of pre\u2010switch mRNA transcripts in circulating post\u2010switch B cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20276","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,3]],"date-time":"2004-06-03T17:02:01Z","timestamp":1086282121000},"page":"1897-1908","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Abnormalities in peripheral B cell memory of patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's 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