{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T20:02:42Z","timestamp":1792440162207,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,25]],"date-time":"2006-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1153785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>By producing instability in mouse knee joints, we attempted to determine the involvement of runt\u2010related transcription factor 2 (RUNX\u20102), which is required for chondrocyte hypertrophy, in the development of osteoarthritis (OA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An experimental mouse OA model was created by surgical transection of the medial collateral ligament and resection of the medial meniscus of the knee joints of heterozygous RUNX\u20102\u2013deficient (Runx2<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mice and wild\u2010type littermates. Cartilage destruction and osteophyte formation in the medial tibial cartilage were compared by histologic and radiographic analyses. Localization of type X collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP\u201013) was examined by immunohistochemistry. Localization of RUNX\u20102 was determined by X\u2010Gal staining in heterozygous RUNX\u20102\u2013deficient mice with the <jats:italic>lacZ<\/jats:italic> gene insertion at the <jats:italic>Runx2<\/jats:italic>\u2010deletion site (Runx2<jats:sup>+\/lacZ<\/jats:sup>). Messenger RNA levels of type X collagen, MMP\u201013, and RUNX\u20102 were examined by real\u2010time reverse transcriptase\u2013polymerase chain reaction analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>RUNX\u20102 was induced in the articular cartilage of wild\u2010type mice at the early stage of OA, almost simultaneously with type X collagen but earlier than MMP\u201013. Runx2<jats:sup>+\/\u2212<\/jats:sup> and Runx2<jats:sup>+\/lacZ<\/jats:sup> mice showed normal skeletal development and articular cartilage; however, after induction of knee joint instability, they exhibited decreased cartilage destruction and osteophyte formation, along with reduced type X collagen and MMP\u201013 expression, as compared with wild\u2010type mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>RUNX\u20102 contributes to the pathogenesis of OA through chondrocyte hypertrophy and matrix breakdown after the induction of joint instability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,25]],"date-time":"2006-07-25T21:46:34Z","timestamp":1153863994000},"page":"2462-2470","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":281,"title":["Contribution of runt\u2010related transcription factor 2 to the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis in mice after induction of knee joint 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