{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T13:54:41Z","timestamp":1761918881629,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,31]],"date-time":"2006-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1156982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["60312"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["60312"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institute of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HL-036110","AI-059746-01","AI-031599"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HL-036110","AI-059746-01","AI-031599"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mast cells (MCs) are a heterogeneous population of tissue\u2010resident bone marrow\u2013derived cells; distinct MC subpopulations are situated at specific microanatomic locations. The phenotype of the murine synovial MC remains undefined. Since MCs have been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis, we sought to define the phenotype of the murine synovial MC population in normal and arthritic joints. We also examined the contribution of lymphocytes to synovial MC physiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The MC phenotype in healthy and K\/BxN serum transfer\u2013induced arthritic synovial tissue was defined using immunohistochemical staining of prototypic MC\u2010specific proteases (murine MC proteases [mMCP] 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 7) (chymases and tryptases). MC numbers and density were determined by histomorphometry in healthy and arthritic synovia. The lymphocyte contribution to MC populations was assessed using RAG\u2010null mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that synovial MCs display a connective tissue mast cell (CTMC) phenotype in both normal and arthritic synovial tissue, which expresses mMCP\u20104, \u20105, \u20106, and \u20107, but not mMCP\u20101 or mMCP\u20102. In addition, MC hyperplasia was seen in the arthritic synovium. In RAG\u2010null mice, the phenotype and degree of MC hyperplasia were identical to those observed in normal mice with and without arthritis. Furthermore, in contrast to skin CTMCs, all synovial MCs expressed mMCP\u20106, demonstrating discrete differences between synovial CTMCs and other anatomic CTMC populations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings demonstrate that the murine synovial MC population is composed of lymphocyte\u2010independent CTMCs and identify arthritic synovium as a model system by which to gain insight into the poorly understood physiology of CTMCs in chronic inflammation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,31]],"date-time":"2006-08-31T17:31:55Z","timestamp":1157045515000},"page":"2863-2871","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Lymphocyte\u2010independent connective tissue mast cells populate murine 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