{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T18:16:41Z","timestamp":1780337801720,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,28]],"date-time":"2007-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1190937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) involvement occurs in \u223c90% of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and has a major impact on health\u2010related quality of life (HRQOL). We developed an HRQOL instrument for persons with SSc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Scleroderma Gastrointestinal Tract 1.0 (SSC\u2010GIT 1.0) survey was developed after an extensive literature search, solicitation and consideration of experts' opinions, and 2 focus groups of 16 subjects with SSc and GIT involvement. A 75\u2010item, self\u2010reported measure assessing bowel involvement, emotional well\u2010being, and social functioning was administered to subjects with SSc and GIT involvement. Also, subjects completed the Short Form 36 and rated the severity of their GIT symptoms (very mild to very severe), and items were transformed linearly to a scale with a possible range of 0 (worse health) to 100 (better health). Evaluation of psychometric properties included internal consistency reliability, test\u2013retest reliability (1.3\u2010week median time interval), multitrait scaling analysis, and exploratory factor analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Study participants (n = 88) were primarily female (95.5%), white (79.3%), and had a mean age of 52.4 years. Self\u2010rated severity of GIT involvement ranged from very mild or mild (36.0%) to moderate (44.0%) to severe or very severe (20.0%). Of 75 items, 23 had low item\u2010total correlations (\u22640.39) and were excluded, leaving a 52\u2010item instrument. Analyses supported 6 multi\u2010item HRQOL scales: reflux\/indigestion, diarrhea, constipation, pain, emotional well\u2010being, and social functioning. Test\u2013retest reliability estimates ranged 0.69\u20130.90 and Cronbach's alpha ranged 0.69\u20130.93. Participants who rated their GIT disease as mild had the highest scores (better health) on all 6 scales; participants who rated their GIT as severe had the lowest scores (poor health).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results support the reliability and validity of the SSC\u2010GIT 1.0 as a measure of SSc GIT involvement. Further research is needed to examine the ability to detect change over time and define minimally important differences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,28]],"date-time":"2007-09-28T22:22:05Z","timestamp":1191018125000},"page":"1280-1286","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Development of a preliminary scleroderma gastrointestinal tract 1.0 quality of life instrument"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Khanna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ron D.","family":"Hays","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace S.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Braun\u2010Moscovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maureen D.","family":"Mayes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry A.","family":"McNearney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivien","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip J.","family":"Clements","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel E.","family":"Furst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780370902"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","first-page":"763","article-title":"Gastrointestinal manifestations of progressive systemic sclerosis","volume":"92","author":"Lock G","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"51","article-title":"Correlates of depression, including overall and gastrointestinal functional status, among patients with systemic sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"Nietert PJ","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21999"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Health\u2010related quality of life: a primer with focus on scleroderma","volume":"3","author":"Khanna D","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scleroderma Care Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(12)62169-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(89)90905-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05616.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-4-79"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/458271"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","volume-title":"How to score version two of the SF\u201036 Health Survey","author":"Ware J","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199206000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230202"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-006-0018-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","first-page":"832","article-title":"Responsiveness of the SF\u201036 and the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index in a systemic sclerosis clinical trial","volume":"32","author":"Khanna D","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22580"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-199109000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029200100105"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.1998.00399.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.3.286"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02310555"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198527695.003.0003","volume-title":"Assessing quality of life in clinical trials","author":"Hays RD","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","first-page":"2477","article-title":"Scleroderma: developing measures of response","volume":"32","author":"Furst DE","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68737-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-133-8-200010170-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055120"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2005.09.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-007-0010-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(76)80163-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2001.28674"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa033402"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-199611000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.00160.x"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.22987","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.22987","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,15]],"date-time":"2023-11-15T01:25:07Z","timestamp":1700011507000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.22987"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,28]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.22987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.22987","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0893-7524","1529-0123"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0893-7524","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0123","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,28]]}}}