{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T15:01:23Z","timestamp":1772118083734,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,25]],"date-time":"2008-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1209081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the efficacy of medial\u2010wedge insoles in valgus knee osteoarthritis (OA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty consecutive women with valgus\u2010deformity knee OA \u22658 degrees were randomized into 2 groups: medial insole (insoles with 8\u2010mm medial elevation at the rearfoot [n = 16]) and neutral insole (similar insole without elevation [n = 14]). Both groups also wore ankle supports. A blinded examiner assessed pain on movement, at rest, and at night with a visual analog scale (VAS), the Lequesne index, and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis (WOMAC) Index. Femorotibial, talocalcaneal, and talar tilt angles were evaluated at baseline and after 8 weeks of insole use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Significant reductions in the medial insole group were observed for pain on movement (mean \u00b1 SD VAS pre\u2010 and postintervention 8.1 \u00b1 1.5 versus 4.2 \u00b1 2.4;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), at rest (5.1 \u00b1 2.3 versus 2.7 \u00b1 2.4;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002), and at night (6.1 \u00b1 2.7 versus 3.1 \u00b1 2.1;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). In addition, a decrease in Lequesne (14.7 \u00b1 3.4 versus 9.6 \u00b1 3.8;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and WOMAC scores (74.1 \u00b1 14.2 versus 56.1 \u00b1 14.9;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) was observed for the medial insole group. In the neutral insole group, a significant reduction was observed only for night pain (mean \u00b1 SD VAS pre\u2010 and postintervention 5.8 \u00b1 2.4 versus 4.6 \u00b1 2.4;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.019). An increase in femorotibial angle (169.0 \u00b1 3.4 versus 170.8 \u00b1 3.7;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) occurred only in the medial insole group. Moreover, the difference in measured femorotibial angles pre\u2010 and postintervention was 1.84 \u00b1 1.42 versus \u22120.18 \u00b1 0.67 (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001) for the medial and neutral insole groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of medial\u2010wedge insoles was highly effective in reducing pain at rest and on movement and promoted a functional improvement of valgus knee OA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,25]],"date-time":"2008-04-25T20:46:19Z","timestamp":1209156379000},"page":"603-608","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Effectiveness of medial\u2010wedge insole treatment for valgus knee osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Priscilla T.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana F.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa M. R.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elo\u00edsa","family":"Bonf\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eduardo F.","family":"Borba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Fuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.25.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22515"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.2.188"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"53","article-title":"Experiences with 75 high tibial osteotomies","volume":"12","author":"Muller W","year":"1971","journal-title":"Reconstr Surg Traumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198704000-00020","article-title":"Correction of valgus knee deformity with a supracondylar V osteotomy","volume":"217","author":"Aglietti P","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B3.8926"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001670050114"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200012000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"181","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the treatment of osteoarthritic knees using a newly designed wedged insole","volume":"221","author":"Sasaki T","year":"1985","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"2705","article-title":"Effect of a novel insole on the subtalar joint of patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee","volume":"28","author":"Toda Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198702000-00024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"921","article-title":"Use of lateral heel and sole wedges in the treatment of medical osteoarthritis of the knee","volume":"19","author":"Keating EM","year":"1993","journal-title":"Orthop Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640050174"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200006000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2003.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2004.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22516"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"201","article-title":"Objective roentgenologic measurements of the influence of ankle braces on pathological joint mobility: a comparison of 9 braces","volume":"64","author":"Vaes P","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Belg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2006.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290816"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.16.4.494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009748709102182"},{"issue":"43","key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","first-page":"49","article-title":"Outcome measurement in osteoarthritis clinical trials","volume":"22","author":"Bellamy N","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365020-00016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","first-page":"1597","article-title":"Biomechanical load of lateral wedged insole on knee and ankle joints: the effect of insole with fixation of ankle joint","volume":"78","author":"Kuroyanagi Y","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Jpn Orthop Surg Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00210530"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.33225"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Care &amp; 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