{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T15:28:37Z","timestamp":1791300517705,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,29]],"date-time":"2008-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1222646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate possible associations of GM and KM markers with adult and juvenile forms of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) in Caucasian and African American patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed serologic analyses of polymorphic determinants associated with immunoglobulin gamma heavy chains (GM) and kappa light chains (KM) in large populations of Caucasian patients (n= 514 [297 adults and 217 children]) and African American patients (n = 123 [73 adults and 50 children]) with IIM representing the major clinical and autoantibody groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For Caucasian patients with dermatomyositis (DM), the Gm 3 23 5,13 phenotype was a risk factor in both adults (odds ratio [OR] 2.2, corrected <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> [<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub>] = 0.020) and children (OR 2.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub> = 0.0013). Of interest, the GM 13 allotype was a risk factor for juvenile DM in both Caucasian subjects (OR 3.9, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub> &lt; 0.0001) and African American subjects (OR 4.8, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub> = 0.033). However, the Gm 1,3,17 5,13,21 phenotype was a risk factor for juvenile DM in Caucasian subjects but not African American subjects. Among the IIM autoantibody groups, Gm 3 23 5,13 was a risk factor in Caucasian adults with anti\u2013Jo\u20101 autoantibodies (OR 3.4, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub> = 0.0031), while the GM 3 allotype was protective in adults with anti\u2013threonyl\u2013transfer RNA synthetase or anti\u2013U RNP autoantibodies (OR 0.1, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub> = 0.047 and OR 0.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub> = 0.034, respectively). In contrast, GM 6 was a risk factor in African American adults with anti\u2013signal recognition particle autoantibodies (OR 7.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>corr<\/jats:sub> = 0.041).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These data suggest that polymorphic alleles of GM and KM loci are differentially associated with IIM subgroups defined by age, ethnicity, clinical features, and autoantibody status, and expand the list of immune response genes that are possibly important in the pathogenesis of myositis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,29]],"date-time":"2008-09-29T04:33:23Z","timestamp":1222662803000},"page":"3239-3246","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Immunoglobulin gene polymorphisms are susceptibility factors in clinical and autoantibody subgroups of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Terrance P.","family":"O'Hanlon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa G.","family":"Rider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Schiffenbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ira N.","family":"Targoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Malley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janardan P.","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frederick W.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","first-page":"1593","volume-title":"Arthritis and allied conditions: a textbook of rheumatology","author":"Miller FW","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199111000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.md.0000217525.82287.eb"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199804)41:4<710::AID-ART19>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(02)00029-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200011000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.068858"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939508995322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199906)42:6<1285::AID-ANR28>3.0.CO;2-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.10.5097-5099.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.1997.d01-994.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-006-0192-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000049191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000049190"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.57.6.366"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939709003854"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197502132920706"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.100.2.274","article-title":"A new rapid method for genetic typing of human immunoglobulins","volume":"100","author":"Vyas GN","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.144.5.1737","article-title":"Autoantibodies to aminoacyl\u2010transfer RNA synthetases for isoleucine and glycine: two additional synthetases are antigenic in myositis","volume":"144","author":"Targoff IN","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116493"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1862"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22216"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200108023450506"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2000.01266.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20208"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncprheum0435"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00255-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.46.5.391"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crvi.2005.05.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(96)00205-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","first-page":"126","article-title":"GM allotypes and IgG subclass concentrations in blacks","volume":"13","author":"Pandey JP","year":"1996","journal-title":"Exp Clin Immunogenet"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.23899","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.23899","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,31]],"date-time":"2023-10-31T03:46:39Z","timestamp":1698723999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.23899"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,29]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.23899"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.23899","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,29]]}}}