{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T02:32:54Z","timestamp":1791340374643,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,29]],"date-time":"2009-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1246233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) is associated with anti\u2013tumor necrosis factor (anti\u2010TNF) monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy, but whether this association is drug\u2010specific remains a concern. Our objective was to describe cases of TB associated with anti\u2010TNF mAb therapy, identify risk factors, and estimate the incidence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted an incidence study and a case\u2013control analysis to investigate the risk of newly diagnosed TB associated with the use of anti\u2010TNF agents. As part of the French Research Axed on Tolerance of Biotherapies (RATIO) registry, for 3 years we collected cases of TB among French patients receiving anti\u2010TNF mAb therapy for any indication; for each case, 2 patients treated with anti\u2010TNF agents served as control subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected 69 cases of TB in patients treated for rheumatoid arthritis (n = 40), spondylarthritides (n = 18), inflammatory colitis (n = 9), psoriasis (n = 1) and Beh\u00e7et's disease (n = 1) with infliximab (n = 36), adalimumab (n = 28), and etanercept (n = 5). None of the patients had received correct chemoprophylactic treatment. The sex\u2010 and age\u2010adjusted incidence rate of TB was 116.7 per 100,000 patient\u2010years. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was 12.2 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9.7\u201315.5) and was higher for therapy with infliximab and adalimumab than for therapy with etanercept (SIR 18.6 [95% CI 13.4\u201325.8] and SIR 29.3 [95% CI 20.3\u201342.4] versus SIR 1.8 [95% CI 0.7\u20134.3], respectively). In the case\u2013control analysis, exposure to infliximab or adalimumab versus etanercept was an independent risk factor for TB (odds ratio [OR] 13.3 [95% CI 2.6\u201369.0] and OR 17.1 [95% CI 3.6\u201380.6], respectively). Other risk factors were age, the first year of anti\u2010TNF mAb treatment, and being born in an endemic area.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risk of TB is higher for patients receiving anti\u2010TNF mAb therapy than for those receiving soluble TNF receptor therapy. The increased risk with early anti\u2010TNF treatment and the absence of correct chemoprophylactic treatment favor the reactivation of latent TB.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24632","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,29]],"date-time":"2009-06-29T15:05:41Z","timestamp":1246287941000},"page":"1884-1894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":514,"title":["Risk of tuberculosis is higher with anti\u2013tumor necrosis factor monoclonal antibody therapy than with soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor therapy: The three\u2010year prospective french research axed on tolerance of biotherapies registry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"F.","family":"Tubach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Salmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Ravaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y.","family":"Allanore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Goupille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Br\u00e9ban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Pallot\u2010Prades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Pouplin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Sacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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