{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T06:24:02Z","timestamp":1770963842393,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,29]],"date-time":"2009-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1256774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare brain disease caused by reactivation of the JC virus. Herein, a case of PML in association with rituximab treatment in a patient with chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome is described. The patient received 4 courses of rituximab (2 1,000\u2010mg infusions administered 2 weeks apart) over a period of \u223c40 months, during a phase III trial and safety extension study. PML was diagnosed \u223c18 months after the last rituximab course, and the patient died 1 month later. Determination of the cause of PML was confounded by the fact that the patient had developed oropharyngeal cancer, which was treated with chemoradiotherapy, 9 months prior to the development of PML. Although there was no direct evidence that linked rituximab to the development of PML, this case highlights the need to consider a diagnosis of PML in patients with RA who have been treated with rituximab and who subsequently develop new neurologic symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24906","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,29]],"date-time":"2009-10-29T21:16:37Z","timestamp":1256850997000},"page":"3225-3228","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":86,"title":["Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy following rituximab treatment in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"R. M.","family":"Fleischmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-007-0072-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2007.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.5.1.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/514083"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2006.058404"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","unstructured":"Genentech Inc. Important drug warning regarding Raptiva (efalizumab). URL:http:\/\/www.gene.com\/gene\/products\/information\/pdf\/raptiva_dhcp_pml3.pdf. 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URL:www.fda.gov\/medwatch\/safety\/2008\/rituxan_DHCP_Final%209411700.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380602"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270007305297"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2008.01.001"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"S300","article-title":"Long\u2010term safety of rituximab: 6\u2010year follow\u2010up of the RA clinical trials and re\u2010treatment population","volume":"58","author":"Van Vollenhoven RF","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.65.11.1538"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280802356837"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.7.664"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","unstructured":"US Food and Drug Administration. 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