{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T15:50:58Z","timestamp":1758815458762},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,28]],"date-time":"2011-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1319760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is necrotizing vasculitis of unknown etiology. We analyzed the serum peptide profile of MPA to find a biomarker for this disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum peptides from 33 patients with MPA, 7 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's), 7 with Churg\u2010Strauss syndrome, 6 with giant cell arteritis, and 25 with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were comprehensively analyzed by mass spectrometry. Peptide function on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) was examined by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay and real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 102 serum peptides were detected from the 78 patients. One of the peptides, peptide 1,523, showed significantly higher ion intensity in MPA (mean \u00b1 SD 46.8 \u00b1 39.3 arbitrary units [AU]) than in the other systemic vasculitides (14.1 \u00b1 12.2 AU) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) or in SLE (17.0 \u00b1 12.1 AU) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). In MPA, peptide 1,523 showed significantly higher ion intensity before treatment than 1 week (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and 6 weeks (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) after the initiation of treatment. Peptide 1,523 was identified as 13 C\u2010terminal amino acid residues of apolipoprotein A\u2010I (Apo A\u2010I) and was designated \u201cAC13.\u201d Validation of AC13 ion intensity using another MPA cohort (n = 14) similarly showed significantly higher ion intensity (90.1 \u00b1 167.9 AU) compared to 14 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (8.6 \u00b1 5.4 AU) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01) and 14 healthy subjects (11.8 \u00b1 6.1 AU) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Serum concentrations of Apo A\u2010I and high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol were down\u2010regulated in MPA before treatment and returned to their normal ranges 6 weeks after the initiation of treatment (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01). Stimulation of HMVECs with AC13 significantly up\u2010regulated secretion of interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and IL\u20108 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>AC13, a candidate biomarker for MPA, may be useful for monitoring disease activity and may exacerbate vascular inflammation through up\u2010regulation of proinflammatory cytokines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30560","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,26]],"date-time":"2011-07-26T16:19:06Z","timestamp":1311697146000},"page":"3613-3624","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["AC13, a C\u2010terminal fragment of apolipoprotein A\u2010I, is a candidate biomarker for microscopic polyangiitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Takakuwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manae 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