{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T21:14:39Z","timestamp":1791062079829,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,29]],"date-time":"2011-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1325116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To conduct a prospective pilot study to determine whether macrophage targeting by <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C\u2010(<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>)\u2010PK11195 positron emission tomography (PET) can visualize subclinical synovitis in arthralgia patients who have anti\u2013citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine arthralgia patients who were positive for ACPAs but did not have clinical arthritis were studied. High (spatial)\u2013resolution <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C\u2010(<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>)\u2010PK11195 PET scans of the hands and wrists were performed. For all metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and wrist joints (i.e., 22 joints per patient), tracer uptake was scored semiquantitatively (0\u20133 scale) by 2 observers who were blinded with regard to the clinical data. Patients were followed up prospectively for 24 months to investigate the development of clinical arthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall agreement and kappa values for the readings of the 2 observers were, respectively, 97% and 0.91 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.74\u20131) at the patient level and 99% and 0.81 (95% CI 0.65\u20130.96) at the joint level. In 4 patients, at least 1 and as many as 5 PET\u2010positive joints (score \u22651) were found at baseline. Within 2 years of followup, 9 patients had developed clinical arthritis. This included all 4 patients with positive findings on the <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C\u2010(<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>)\u2010PK11195 scan, who developed clinical arthritis in the hand\/wrist region, as identified on PET scans. Of the 5 remaining arthritis patients with negative findings on PET scans, 2 developed arthritis in the hand joints and 3 developed arthritis at locations outside the field of view of the PET scanner.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subclinical arthritis in ACPA\u2010positive arthralgia patients could be visualized by <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C\u2010(<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>)\u2010PK11195 PET scanning and was associated with development of arthritis within 2 years of followup. This indicates that <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>C\u2010(<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>)\u2010PK11195 PET may be useful in determining arthritis activity in the preclinical phase of RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,1]],"date-time":"2011-09-01T03:44:49Z","timestamp":1314848689000},"page":"62-66","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Macrophage positron emission tomography imaging as a biomarker for preclinical rheumatoid arthritis: Findings of a prospective pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Yoony Y. J.","family":"Gent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre E.","family":"Voskuyl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reina W.","family":"Kloet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirkjan","family":"van Schaardenburg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Otto S.","family":"Hoekstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben A. C.","family":"Dijkmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriaan A.","family":"Lammertsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conny J.","family":"van der Laken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh199"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11223"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.105759"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22190"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749609080006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23955"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","first-page":"956","article-title":"Assessment of disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis with 18F\u2010FDG PET","volume":"45","author":"Beckers C","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(93)90293-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199808)41:8<1481::AID-ART19>3.0.CO;2-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","first-page":"579","article-title":"Development of a disease activity score based on judgment in clinical practice by rheumatologists","volume":"20","author":"Van der Heijde DM","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/52\/5\/019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2007.892644"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(02)00107-4"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.30655","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.30655","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T18:55:39Z","timestamp":1696964139000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.30655"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,29]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.30655"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.30655","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0004-3591","1529-0131"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0004-3591","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-0131","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,29]]}}}