{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T23:59:27Z","timestamp":1792799967809,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,28]],"date-time":"2014-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANR within the Investissements dAvenir program under reference","award":["ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008319","name":"Fondation Arthritis","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"French Society of Rheumatology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) of the knee joint has an inflammatory phenotype in osteoarthritis (OA). Its close proximity to the synovial membrane suggests that the IFP could be involved in the induction of OA synovitis. This study was undertaken to investigate the response of fibroblast\u2010like synoviocytes (FLS) to autologous IFP and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) from patients with severe knee OA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Samples of IFP, SCAT, and autologous synovial membrane tissue close to the IFP were harvested during surgery from 28 patients with end\u2010stage knee OA. FLS from 14 patients were stimulated with autologous IFP\u2010 or SCAT\u2010conditioned medium, and levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and protein release of interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106), IL\u20108, secretory phospholipase A<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (sPLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), cytosolic PLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX\u20102), microsomal prostaglandin E synthase, prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1, 3, 9, and 13 were evaluated. Both IFP\u2010 and SCAT\u2010conditioned medium were evaluated by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay for secretion of IL\u20106, soluble IL\u20106 receptor (sIL\u20106R), IL\u20108, tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 (TNF\u03b1), PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, IL\u20101\u03b2, and interferon\u2010\u03b3. In addition, OA FLS were treated with PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptor antagonists to evaluate the contribution of IFP\u2010derived PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> to the inflammatory response of FLS to the IFP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Stimulation of OA FLS with IFP\u2010conditioned medium induced the mRNA expression and protein release of IL\u20106, IL\u20108, sPLA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, COX\u20102, PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and MMPs 1, 3, 9, and 13. The extent of stimulation was consistently stronger with IFP\u2010conditioned medium than with SCAT\u2010conditioned medium. Moreover, secretion of IL\u20106, sIL\u20106R, IL\u20108, TNF\u03b1, and PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> was greater in IFP\u2010conditioned medium than in SCAT\u2010conditioned medium, especially PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, whose secretion was 75\u2010fold stronger in IFP\u2010conditioned medium (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> receptor antagonists dose\u2010dependently inhibited the release of IL\u20106, IL\u20108, and PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> by IFP\u2010stimulated FLS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study showed that the IFP has a potential role in the induction of synovial inflammation in patients with severe knee OA. Furthermore, secretion of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> by the IFP may be involved in the OA inflammatory process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,9]],"date-time":"2014-04-09T16:13:37Z","timestamp":1397060017000},"page":"2165-2174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Induction of an Inflammatory and Prodegradative Phenotype in Autologous Fibroblast\u2010like Synoviocytes by the Infrapatellar Fat Pad From Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Florent","family":"Eymard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne University, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, INSERM (UMR S938), and DHU i2B, Paris, France, and AP\u2010HP, H\u00f4pital Henri Mondor Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrey","family":"Pigenet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne University, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, INSERM (UMR S938), and DHU i2B Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dani\u00e8le","family":"Citadelle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne University, Universit\u00e9 Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, INSERM (UMR S938), and DHU i2B Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles\u2010Henri","family":"Flouzat\u2010Lachaniette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Henri Mondor Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Poignard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pital Henri Mondor Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantal","family":"Benelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM (UMR S747) and Centre Universitaire des Saints\u2010P\u00e8res Paris 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