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While it has been reported that mast cells (MCs) infiltrate gouty tophi, little is known about the actual roles of MCs during acute attacks of gout. This study was undertaken to assess the role of MCs in a mouse model of MSU crystal\u2013induced acute arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We assessed the effects of intraarticular (IA) injection of MSU crystals in various strains of mice with constitutive or inducible MC deficiency or in mice lacking interleukin\u20101\u03b2 (IL\u20101\u03b2) or other elements of innate immunity. We also assessed the response to IA injection of MSU crystals in genetically MC\u2010deficient mice after IA engraftment of wild\u2010type or IL\u20101\u03b2\n                      <jats:sup>\u2013\/\u2013<\/jats:sup>\n                      bone marrow\u2013derived cultured MCs.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MCs were found to augment acute tissue swelling following IA injection of MSU crystals in mice. IL\u20101\u03b2 production by MCs contributed importantly to MSU crystal\u2013induced tissue swelling, particularly during its early stages. Selective depletion of synovial MCs was able to diminish MSU crystal\u2013induced acute inflammation in the joints.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings identify a previously unrecognized role of MCs and MC\u2010derived IL\u20101\u03b2 in the early stages of MSU crystal\u2013induced acute arthritis in mice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,18]],"date-time":"2014-06-18T14:08:04Z","timestamp":1403100484000},"page":"2881-2891","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["Contribution of Mast Cell\u2013Derived Interleukin\u20101\u03b2 to Uric Acid Crystal\u2013Induced Acute Arthritis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Laurent L.","family":"Reber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University Stanford 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