{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T18:40:55Z","timestamp":1791139255769,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,25]],"date-time":"2014-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1416873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR55646"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR55646"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AI082724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AI082724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In lupus nephritis (LN), severe tubulointerstitial inflammation (TII) predicts progression to renal failure. Severe TII is associated with tertiary lymphoid neogenesis and in situ antigen\u2010driven clonal B cell selection. The autoantigen(s) driving in situ B cell selection in TII are not known. This study was undertaken to identify the dominant driving autoantigen(s).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Single CD38+ or Ki\u201067+ B cells were laser captured from 7 biopsy specimens that were diagnostic for LN. Eighteen clonally expanded immunoglobulin heavy\u2010 and light\u2010chain variable region pairs were cloned and expressed as monoclonal antibodies. Seven more antibodies were cloned from flow\u2010sorted CD38+ cells from an eighth biopsy specimen. Antigen characterization was performed using a combination of confocal microscopy, enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay, screening protoarrays, immunoprecipitation, and mass spectrometry. Serum IgG titers to the dominant antigen in 48 LN and 35 non\u2010nephritic lupus samples were determined using purified antigen\u2010coated arrays. Autoantigen expression on normal and LN kidney was localized by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eleven of 25 antibodies reacted with cytoplasmic structures, 4 reacted with nuclei, and none reacted with double\u2010stranded DNA. Vimentin was the only autoantigen identified by both mass spectrometry and protoarray. Ten of the 11 anticytoplasmic TII antibodies directly bound vimentin. Vimentin was highly expressed by tubulointerstitial inflammatory cells, and the TII antibodies tested preferentially bound inflamed tubulointerstitium. Finally, high titers of serum antivimentin antibodies were associated with severe TII (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vimentin, an antigenic feature of inflammation, is a dominant autoantigen targeted in situ in LN TII. This adaptive autoimmune response likely feeds forward to worsen TII and renal damage.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,10]],"date-time":"2014-10-10T16:43:26Z","timestamp":1412959406000},"page":"3359-3370","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Vimentin Is a Dominant Target of In Situ Humoral Immunity in Human Lupus Tubulointerstitial Nephritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Kinloch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Medical Center Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kichul","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carole J.","family":"Henry Dunand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Henderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Maienschein\u2010Cline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Chicago"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalya","family":"Kaverina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brad H.","family":"Rovin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University Columbus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marlene","family":"Salgado Ferrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Don","family":"Wolfgeher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Liarski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago Chicago Illinois"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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