{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T17:06:12Z","timestamp":1781197572838,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,27]],"date-time":"2014-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419638400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006350","name":"Stiftelsen Clas Groschinskys Minnesfond","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["M13099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["M13099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006350","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Swedish Medical Society","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SLS-402871"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLS-402871"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["523-2013-2750"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["523-2013-2750"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Permanent reduction in joint function is a severe postinfectious complication in patients with <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> septic arthritis. We undertook this study to determine whether this reduction in joint function might be caused by persistent joint inflammation after the adequate eradication of bacteria by antibiotics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>After intraarticular injection of cloxacillin\u2010killed <jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic> into mouse knee joints, we investigated whether antibiotic\u2010killed <jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic> induced joint inflammation and elucidated the molecular and cellular mechanisms of this type of arthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intraarticular injection of antibiotic\u2010killed <jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic> induced mild\u2010to\u2010moderate synovitis and bone erosions that lasted for a minimum of 14 days. Compared with wild\u2010type animals, mice deficient in tumor necrosis factor receptor type I (TNFRI), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), or Toll\u2010like receptor 2 (TLR\u20102) had a significantly reduced frequency and severity of synovitis. Combined depletion of monocytes and neutrophils also resulted in a significantly lower frequency of synovitis. Among bacterial factors, insoluble cell debris played a more important role than bacterial DNA or soluble components in inducing joint inflammation. Importantly, anti\u2010TNF therapy abrogated joint inflammation induced by antibiotic\u2010killed <jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antibiotic\u2010killed <jats:italic>S aureus<\/jats:italic> induced and maintained joint inflammation mediated through TLR\u20102, TNFRI, and RAGE. The cross\u2010talk between neutrophils and monocytes is responsible for this type of arthritis. Anti\u2010TNF therapy might be used as a novel strategy, in combination with antibiotics, to treat staphylococcal septic arthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,9]],"date-time":"2014-10-09T11:21:11Z","timestamp":1412853671000},"page":"107-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Antibiotic\u2010Killed <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> Induces Destructive Arthritis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Abukar","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefeng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg Gothenburg 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