{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:10:25Z","timestamp":1785251425853,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]],"date-time":"2015-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427414400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["24591449"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24591449"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To establish a method to culture synovial tissue explants from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Synovial tissue explants obtained from 10 patients with RA were cultured at the air\u2013liquid interface or were submerged in culture medium. As a control, synovial explants were engrafted subcutaneously into SCID mice. The synovial explants were harvested at different time points, and histologic or flow cytometric analysis was performed. Cytokine levels in the culture supernatants were measured by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. Infliximab was added to the air\u2013liquid interface culture to evaluate the effect of tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 blockade on inflammatory cytokine production.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The histologic features of RA synovitis, including a hyperplastic lining layer and the presence of cellular infiltrate in the sublining layer, were maintained in synovial tissue explants in air\u2013liquid interface culture. In synovial grafts harvested from SCID\u2010HuRAg mice, the cellular infiltrate was well maintained in the sublining, but the lining layer was lost. Viable CD4+ T cells and macrophages were abundant after air\u2013liquid interface culture but were virtually absent after submerged culture. Furthermore, synovial tissue explants in air\u2013liquid interface culture produced interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106) and IL\u20108 for a prolonged period of time. The addition of infliximab effectively reduced cytokine production.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>RA synovial explants can be maintained for weeks using an air\u2013liquid interface culture. This simple culture system might be useful for analyzing the pathogenesis of RA synovitis and for developing antirheumatic drugs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,7]],"date-time":"2015-01-07T15:03:30Z","timestamp":1420643010000},"page":"887-892","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Brief Report: Successful In Vitro Culture of Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Tissue Explants at the Air\u2013Liquid Interface"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Koji","family":"Sakuraba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University and National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenjiro","family":"Fujimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University and National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuharu","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Okazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun\u2010ichi","family":"Fukushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masanobu","family":"Ohishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akiko","family":"Oyamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukio","family":"Esaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisaaki","family":"Miyahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihide","family":"Iwamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasunobu","family":"Yoshikai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisakata","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312901105010107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.2008.03050.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.2731"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27503"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90430-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200109)44:9<2024::AID-ART351>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20157"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7324","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.151.12.7324","article-title":"Engraftment of human synovium into severe combined immune deficient mice: migration of human peripheral blood T cells to engrafted human synovium and to mouse lymph nodes","volume":"151","author":"Rendt KE","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780371116"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/s101650170036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310803"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400206"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23505"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-59745-395-0_10","article-title":"Studying T\u2010cell repertoire selection using fetal thymus organ culture","volume":"380","author":"Ashton\u2010Rickardt PG","year":"2007","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2302"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64379-9"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.39019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.39019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T12:57:24Z","timestamp":1759928244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.39019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.39019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.39019","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2326-5191","2326-5205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2326-5191","type":"print"},{"value":"2326-5205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,27]]}}}