{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T04:59:30Z","timestamp":1790225970563,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]],"date-time":"2015-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["103-2314-B-182A-070-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["103-2314-B-182A-070-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["103-2314-B-182-043-MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["103-2314-B-182-043-MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012553","name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CMRPG3D1671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMRPG3D1671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012553","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate familial aggregation of Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (SS) and the relative risks (RRs) of other autoimmune disease in relatives of patients with SS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 23,658,577 beneficiaries enrolled in the Taiwan National Health Insurance system in 2010, of whom 12,754 had SS. We identified 21,009,551 parent\u2013child relationships and 17,168,340 pairs of full siblings. The familial risks of SS and other autoimmune diseases, tetrachoric correlation, and familial transmission were estimated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 105 patients with SS who had an affected first\u2010degree relative. The RR of SS was 18.99 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 9.76\u201336.93) in siblings of patients with SS, 11.31 (95% CI 8.34\u201315.33) in offspring, and 12.46 (95% CI 9.34\u201316.62) in parents. Tetrachoric correlation coefficients were 0.53 (95% CI 0.41\u20130.65) for cotwins of affected individuals and 0.21 (95% CI 0.16\u20130.26) for full siblings. The familial transmission (heritability plus shared environmental contribution) was 0.54 (95% CI 0.44\u20130.77). In first\u2010degree relatives of patients with SS, the RRs were 2.95 (95% CI 2.33\u20133.73) for rheumatoid arthritis, 6.25 (95% CI 5.15\u20137.58) for systemic lupus erythematosus, 2.39 (95% CI 0.77\u20137.41) for systemic sclerosis, 0.71 (95% CI 0.10\u20135.07) for idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, 1.97 (95% CI 1.29\u20133.02) for type 1 diabetes mellitus, 3.38 (95% CI 1.26\u20139.05) for multiple sclerosis, 1.67 (95% CI 0.83\u20133.33) for myasthenia gravis, 1.25 (95% CI 1.04\u20131.50) for psoriasis, 1.21 (95% CI 0.39\u20133.76) for inflammatory bowel disease, and 2.29 (95% CI 1.19\u20134.40) for vasculitis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risk of SS and other autoimmune diseases is increased in relatives of patients with SS, and more than one\u2010half of phenotypic variance in SS can be explained by familial factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,4]],"date-time":"2015-05-04T16:23:04Z","timestamp":1430756584000},"page":"1904-1912","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Familial Risk of Sj\u00f6gren's Syndrome and Co\u2010aggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families: A Nationwide Population Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Chang\u2010Fu","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham, Nottingham UK, and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Grainge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana M.","family":"Valdes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lai\u2010Chu","family":"See","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chang Gung University Taoyuan City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shue\u2010Fen","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuang\u2010Hui","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiya","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)66990-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"Articular manifestations of primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"10","author":"Castro\u2010Poltronieri A","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-200007000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-206860"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2013.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02072627"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"2264","article-title":"Monozygotic twins with primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"27","author":"Bolstad AI","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"1603","article-title":"Primary Sjogren's syndrome in dizygotic adolescent twins: one case with lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia","volume":"32","author":"Houghton KM","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339700600409"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-101-6-748"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(76)90439-3"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.51.5.943","article-title":"Sjogren's syndrome and achalasia of the cardia in two siblings","volume":"51","author":"Koivukangas T","year":"1973","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)90820-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"1932","article-title":"A multicase family with primary Sjogren's syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Sabio JM","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20999"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"378","article-title":"Risk factors for Sjogren's syndrome: a case\u2010control study","volume":"25","author":"Priori R","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2011.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23142"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2008.94"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2792"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2779"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","unstructured":"National Health Insurance Administration. Ministry of Health and Welfare. The National Health Insurance Statistics 2010. URL:http:\/\/www.nhi.gov.tw\/English\/webdata\/webdata.aspx?menu=11&menu_id=296&webdata_id=1942&WD_ID=296."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204067"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780360309"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.61.6.554"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Incorporating development stratification of Taiwan townships into sampling design of large scale health interview survey","volume":"14","author":"Liu CY","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Health Manag"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","first-page":"222","article-title":"Linkage strategies for genetically complex traits. I. Multilocus models","volume":"46","author":"Risch N.","year":"1990","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","first-page":"302","article-title":"Prevalence of rheumatic diseases in Taiwan: a population study of urban, suburban, rural differences","volume":"21","author":"Chou CT","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","first-page":"861","article-title":"Estimation of prevalence rate ratios for cross sectional data: an example in occupational epidemiology","volume":"50","author":"Lee J","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Ind Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780132105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60072-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1967.tb01249.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1972.tb00767.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1979.tb00670.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2009.177"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.24.8.732"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","first-page":"1495","article-title":"Familial aggregation of lupus and autoimmunity in an unusual multiplex pedigree","volume":"26","author":"Sestak AL","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.3.267"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203308091969"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.02.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81110-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1800"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.582"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0707865"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/164.1.22"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/28.6.518"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2011.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.8.1359"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/88.1.26"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.39127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.39127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.39127","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/art.39127","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.39127","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T11:29:46Z","timestamp":1759922986000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.39127"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.39127"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.39127","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2326-5191","2326-5205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2326-5191","type":"print"},{"value":"2326-5205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,26]]}}}