{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:40:43Z","timestamp":1790746843752,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,24]],"date-time":"2016-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Divisions of the Intramural Research Program at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Anticytokine autoantibodies occur across a range of hematologic, pulmonary, and infectious diseases. However, systematic investigation of their presence and significance in autoimmune diseases is lacking. This study was undertaken to examine the distinct functions of anticytokine autoantibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared to patients with other rheumatic diseases and healthy controls.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Serum samples from patients with SLE (n\u2009=\u2009199), patients with primary Sj\u00f6gren's syndrome (SS) (n\u2009=\u2009150), patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n\u2009=\u2009149), and healthy controls (n\u2009=\u2009200) were screened for 24 anticytokine autoantibodies using a multiplex bead\u2010based assay. To evaluate the biologic activity of anticytokine autoantibodies, their ability to block cytokine\u2010induced signal transduction or protein expression was measured. RNA sequencing was performed on whole blood in a subset of healthy controls and patients with SLE.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Patients with SLE and those with SS had a striking excess of autoantibodies against interferons and the interferon\u2010responsive chemokine interferon\u2010inducible protein 10 (IP\u201010). Only autoantibodies against type I interferon, interleukin\u201012 (IL\u201012), and IL\u201022 exhibited neutralizing activity. In SLE, the presence of anti\u2013interferon\u2010\u03b3 autoantibodies was correlated with more severe disease activity, higher levels of anti\u2013double\u2010stranded DNA antibodies, and elevated expression of interferon\u2010\u03b1\/\u03b2\u2013inducible genes. Conversely, in SLE patients with blocking anti\u2013interferon\u2010\u03b1 autoantibodies, the type I interferon gene expression signature was normalized. Anti\u2013type III interferon autoantibodies (\u03bb2, \u03bb3) and anti\u2013IP\u201010 autoantibodies were newly recognized in SLE patient serum, and autoantibodies against macrophage\u2010colony stimulating factor, IL\u20104, IL\u20107, IL\u201017, and IL\u201022, none of which have been previously identified in rheumatic<\/jats:bold>\n                      <jats:bold>conditions, were discovered.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Anticytokine autoantibodies are associated with distinct patterns of disease in SLE, SS, and RA. Anti\u2010interferon autoantibodies are overrepresented in patients with SLE and those with SS, and fall into distinct functional classes, with only a subset of anti\u2013type I interferon antibodies exhibiting neutralizing activity. Anti\u2013interferon\u2010\u03b3 autoantibodies are correlated with increased disease activity and interferon\u2010related gene expression, suggesting that such autoantibodies may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE.<\/jats:bold>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,27]],"date-time":"2016-01-27T15:14:44Z","timestamp":1453907684000},"page":"1677-1687","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["Distinct Functions of Autoantibodies Against Interferon in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comprehensive Analysis of Anticytokine Autoantibodies in Common Rheumatic Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Sarthak","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH Bethesda 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