{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T02:56:46Z","timestamp":1789873006762,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]],"date-time":"2016-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Paraoxonase 1 (PON\u20101)<\/jats:bold> <jats:bold>is a high\u2010density lipoprotein (HDL)\u2013associated antioxidant enzyme that plays an important role in HDL\u2010mediated cardioprotection. Although genetic polymorphisms are known to modulate PON-1 activity, its involvement in cardiovascular disease (CVD) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is controversial, suggesting that other factors may modulate its function. Since anti\u2010HDL antibodies have been found to be related to an impaired lipid profile and occurrence of CVD in RA, this study was undertaken to examine the associations between PON-1 activity, anti\u2010HDL antibodies, and CVD according to PON1 genetic variants in patients with RA.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Serum PON-1 activity, using paraoxon as substrate, and IgG anti\u2010HDL antibodies were quantified in 212 RA patients and 110 healthy controls.<\/jats:bold> <jats:bold>The PON1 rs662 genotype (Q&gt;R) was determined with TaqMan probes. An additional group of 13 biologics\u2010naive patients with RA was prospectively followed up for 3 months.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>PON\u20101 activity was decreased in RA patients compared to healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005), and an effect of the rs662 genotype was noted in both groups, with Q\/Q homozygotes exhibiting the lowest PON\u20101 activity. The distribution of rs662 genotypes did not differ between RA patients and healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.215). In patients carrying the Q\/Q genotype, anti\u2010HDL antibodies were associated with impaired PON\u20101 activity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009= 0.010), and levels of anti\u2010HDL antibodies were associated with decreased HDL levels (r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.680, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and higher prevalence of cardiovascular events, as determined in univariate and multivariate models. Furthermore, change in anti\u2010HDL antibody levels upon tumor necrosis factor blockade was an independent predictor of improved PON\u20101 activity (\u03b2\u2009=\u2009\u22120.369, 95% confidence interval \u22120.669, \u22120.069; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.024).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>PON\u20101 activity is impaired in RA in association with the rs662 genotype and anti\u2010HDL antibodies, the latter being recognized as a pivotal player in the link between rs662 and CVD in patients with RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,27]],"date-time":"2016-01-27T15:14:44Z","timestamp":1453907684000},"page":"1367-1376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Paraoxonase 1 Activity Is Modulated by the rs662 Polymorphism and IgG Anti\u2013High\u2010Density Lipoprotein Antibodies in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Potential Implications for Cardiovascular Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Javier","family":"Rodr\u00edguez\u2010Carrio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo Asturias Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010Mej\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla Santander Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"Alperi\u2010L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias Asturias Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo Asturias Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Ballina\u2010Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias Asturias Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel \u00c1.","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez\u2010Gay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Universitario Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain, and Clinical University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Oviedo Asturias Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200112)44:12<2737::AID-ART460>3.0.CO;2-#"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"435","article-title":"Traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors are associated with atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"32","author":"Dessein PH","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.91"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.101964"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204933"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.135871"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.121358"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24802"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.222"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(91)80962-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2004.08.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.299.11.1265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92709-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.17.12.3565"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2474-15-379"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(03)00195-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trsl.2015.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780380107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"1126","article-title":"The human serum paraoxonase\/arylesterase polymorphism","volume":"35","author":"Eckerson HW","year":"1983","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Glu 192 Arg gene polymorphism and serum paraoxonase activity in rheumatoid arthritis among Egyptians","volume":"5","author":"Elfasakhany F","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tanta Med Sc J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4238\/vol9-1gmr728"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.18.10.1611"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(96)02779-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.112.253930"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH12-10-0768"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken397"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/574817"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.38118"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2014-205543"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/28406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M910376199"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.21.3.415"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0026-0495(00)80026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2013.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R800086-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1733"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2015.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.961714"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-09665-0_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1112072"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.113696"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.092171"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2012-203101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204024"}],"container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fart.39609","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/art.39609","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T12:13:33Z","timestamp":1759925613000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/art.39609"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/art.39609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/art.39609","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2326-5191","2326-5205"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2326-5191","type":"print"},{"value":"2326-5205","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]]}}}