{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T08:45:32Z","timestamp":1791449132549,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft SPP1468 ImmunoBone","award":["PR727\/5-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PR727\/5-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The spondyloarthritides (SpA) are a group of rheumatic diseases characterized by ossification and inflammation of entheseal tissue, the region where tendon attaches to bone. Interleukin\u201023 (IL\u201023) is involved in the pathogenesis of SpA by acting on IL\u201023 receptor (IL\u201023R) expressed on enthesis\u2010resident lymphocytes. Upon IL\u201023 binding, CD3+CD4\u2212CD8\u2212 tissue\u2010resident lymphocytes secrete IL\u201017A and IL\u201022, leading to inflammation, bone loss, and ossification. Knowledge about enthesis\u2010resident lymphocytes remains fragmentary, and the contribution of entheseal \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells in particular is not clear. This study was undertaken to investigate the presence of \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells in the enthesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used 2\u2010photon microscopy and flow cytometry to analyze entheseal lymphocytes from C57BL\/6,\n                      <jats:italic>Tcrd\u2010H2BeGFP<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Rorc\u2010GFP<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\n                      <jats:italic>IL\u201023R\u2010eGFP<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice. To analyze entheseal \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells in IL\u201023\u2212induced inflammation,\n                      <jats:italic>Tcrd\u2010H2BeGFP<\/jats:italic>\n                      mice were crossed with mice of the susceptible B10.RIII background. Hydrodynamic injection of IL\u201023 minicircle DNA was performed for overexpression of IL\u201023 and induction of inflammation. Light\u2010sheet fluorescence microscopy was used to visualize arthritic inflammation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Activated V\u03b36+CD27\u2212 \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells were abundant in uninflamed entheseal tissue and constituted the large majority of retinoic acid receptor\u2212related orphan nuclear receptor \u03b3t (ROR\u03b3t)+IL\u201023R+ enthesis\u2010resident lymphocytes. Fetal thymus\u2212dependent \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells were the main source of IL\u201017A at the enthesis. Under inflammatory conditions, \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells increased in number at the Achilles tendon enthesis, aortic root, and adjacent to the ciliary body.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Entheseal \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells are derived from fetal thymus and are maintained as self\u2010renewing tissue\u2010resident cells. As main IL\u201017A producers within tissues exposed to mechanical stress including enthesis, \u03b3\/\u03b4 T cells are key players in the pathogenesis of IL\u201023\u2212induced local inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,25]],"date-time":"2016-04-25T20:22:49Z","timestamp":1461615769000},"page":"2476-2486","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":219,"title":["Interleukin\u201023\u2013Dependent \u03b3\/\u03b4 T Cells Produce Interleukin\u201017 and Accumulate in the Enthesis, Aortic Valve, and Ciliary Body in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Annika","family":"Reinhardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetyana","family":"Yevsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hannover Medical School Hannover 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