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Among nongenetic factors, the intestinal microbiome may play a role in disease susceptibility. The objective of this study was to characterize the gut microbiota and host gene interactions in ReA and postinfectious spondyloarthritis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adult subjects with peripheral spondyloarthritis and control subjects with preceding infections who did not develop arthritis were prospectively recruited from a geographic region with a high prevalence of ReA. Clinical variables, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> status, and 16S ribosomal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content> gene sequencing of intestinal microbiota were analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects with ReA showed no significant differences from controls in gut bacterial richness or diversity. However, there was a significantly higher abundance of <jats:italic>Erwinia<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic> and an increased prevalence of typical enteropathogens associated with ReA. Subjects with ultrasound evidence of enthesitis were enriched in <jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>, while subjects with uveitis and radiographic sacroiliitis were enriched in <jats:italic>Erwinia<\/jats:italic> and unclassified Ruminococcaceae, respectively; both were enriched in <jats:italic>Dialister<\/jats:italic>. Host genetics, particularly <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013A24, were associated with differences in gut microbiota diversity irrespective of disease status. We identified several co\u2010occurring taxa that were also predictive of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013A24 status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is the first culture\u2010independent study characterizing the gut microbial community in postinfectious arthritis. Although bacterial factors correlated with disease presence and clinical features of ReA, host genetics also appeared to be a major independent driver of intestinal community composition. Understanding of these gut microbiota\u2013host genetic relationships may further clarify the pathogenesis of postinfectious spondyloarthritides.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.40359","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,26]],"date-time":"2017-10-26T15:52:34Z","timestamp":1509033154000},"page":"242-254","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":104,"title":["Gut Microbiota Perturbations in Reactive Arthritis and Postinfectious Spondyloarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Julia","family":"Manasson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"New York University School of Medicine and Hospital for Joint Diseases New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helga R.","family":"Garcia 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