{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T06:15:14Z","timestamp":1790835314142,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P50 AR070600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50 AR070600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DA038261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA038261"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Many studies suggest a strong familial component to fibromyalgia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>). However, those studies have nearly all been confined to individuals with primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>, i.e., <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> without any other accompanying disorder. The current 2011 and 2016 criteria for diagnosing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> construct a score using a combination of the number of painful body sites and the severity of somatic symptoms (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score). This study was undertaken to estimate the genetic heritability of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score across sex and age groups to identify subgroups of individuals with greater heritability, which may help in the design of future genetic studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected data on 26,749 individuals of European ancestry undergoing elective surgery at the University of Michigan (Michigan Genomics Initiative study). We estimated the single\u2010nucleotide polymorphism\u2013based heritability of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score by age and sex categories using genome\u2010wide association study data and a linear mixed\u2010effects model.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score had an estimated heritability of 13.9% (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> 2.9%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 1.6 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup>). Estimated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score heritability was highest in individuals \u226450 years of age (23.5%; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> 7.9%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 3.0 \u00d710<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup>) and lowest in individuals &gt;60 years of age (7.5%; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SE<\/jats:styled-content> 8.1%) (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.41). These patterns remained the same when we analyzed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> as a case\u2013control phenotype. Even though women had an ~30% higher average <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score than men across age categories, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score heritability did not differ significantly by sex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Younger individuals appear to have a much stronger genetic component to the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> score than older individuals. Older individuals may be more likely to have what was previously called \u201csecondary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content>.\u201d Regardless of the cause, these results have implications for future genetic studies of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FM<\/jats:styled-content> and associated conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,18]],"date-time":"2019-11-18T01:55:28Z","timestamp":1574042128000},"page":"815-823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Heritability of the Fibromyalgia Phenotype Varies by Age"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6634-9040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diptavo","family":"Dutta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health  Baltimore 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