{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T14:29:04Z","timestamp":1792592944034,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,8]],"date-time":"2020-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594166400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZIA\u2010AR\u2010041199"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIA\u2010AR\u2010041199"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relapsing polychondritis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content>) is a systemic disease. Failure to recognize <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content> can lead to diagnostic delay and further complications, including death. This study was undertaken to identify clinical patterns in a prospective cohort of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient subgroups were identified using latent class analysis based on 8 clinical variables: saddle\u2010nose deformity, subglottic stenosis, tracheomalacia, bronchomalacia, ear chondritis, tenosynovitis\/synovitis, inflammatory eye disease, and audiovestibular disease. Model selection was based on Akaike's information criterion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010three patients were included in this study. Patients were classified into 1 of 3 subgroups: type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content> (14%), type 2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content> (29%), and type 3 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content> (58%). Type 1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content> was characterized by ear chondritis (100%), tracheomalacia (100%), saddle\u2010nose deformity (90%), and subglottic stenosis (80%). These patients had the shortest median time to diagnosis (1 year), highest disease activity, and greatest frequency of admission to the intensive care unit and tracheostomy. Type 2 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content> was characterized by tracheomalacia (100%) and bronchomalacia (52%), but no saddle\u2010nose deformity or subglottic stenosis. These patients had the longest median time to diagnosis (10 years) and highest percentage of work disability. Type 3 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content> was characterized by tenosynovitis\/synovitis (60%) and ear chondritis (55%). There were no significant differences in sex, race, or treatment strategies between the 3 subgroups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings indicate that there are 3 subgroups of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content>, with differences in time to diagnosis, clinical and radiologic characteristics, and disease\u2010related complications. Recognizing a broader spectrum of clinical patterns in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RP<\/jats:styled-content>, beyond cartilaginous involvement of the ear and upper airway, may facilitate more timely diagnosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,6]],"date-time":"2020-04-06T04:05:06Z","timestamp":1586145906000},"page":"1396-1402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Defining Clinical Subgroups in Relapsing Polychondritis: A\u00a0Prospective Observational Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3256-3273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcela","family":"Ferrada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases NIH  Bethesda 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