{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T01:56:59Z","timestamp":1783648619667,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]],"date-time":"2021-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR050026\u201001, AR048522\u201016A1, and AR069569"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR050026\u201001, AR048522\u201016A1, and AR069569"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["acrjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arthritis &amp; Rheumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are overrepresented in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to investigate the contribution of periodontal pathogens to CVD in RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>RA patients underwent assessments of coronary artery calcification (CAC), carotid intima\u2010media thickness and plaque, and ankle\u2013brachial index via computed tomography, ultrasound, and Doppler ultrasound, respectively. Sera were assayed for antibodies targeting <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic> (Pg), <jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans<\/jats:italic> serotype B (Aa), and Aa\u2010derived leukotoxin A (LtxA). Associations of antibodies against these periodontal pathogens with measures of atherosclerosis were explored using generalized linear models.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 197 RA patients, anti\u2010Pg was detected in 72 patients (37%), anti\u2010Aa in 41 patients (21%), and anti\u2010LtxA in 84 patients (43%). Adjusting for relevant confounders and reported tooth loss, the mean CAC score was 90% higher in those with anti\u2010Aa and\/or anti\u2010LtxA compared with those without either antibody (19 units versus 10 units; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.033). The adjusted odds of CAC \u2265100 units were 2.23\u2010fold higher in those with anti\u2010Aa and\/or anti\u2010LtxA compared with those without either antibody (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.040). Anti\u2010Aa and\/or anti\u2010LtxA seropositivity was significantly associated with all other assessed measures of atherosclerosis except carotid plaque. Anti\u2010Pg was not associated with any measure of atherosclerosis. Higher swollen joint count was associated with CAC exclusively in the group with anti\u2010Aa and\/or anti\u2010LtxA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immunoreactivity against Aa and\/or its major virulence factor LtxA was associated with atherosclerosis in multiple vascular beds of RA patients and amplified the effect of swollen joints on coronary atherosclerosis, suggesting a role for treatment\/prevention of periodontal disease in the prevention of CVD in RA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41572","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T02:27:13Z","timestamp":1605666433000},"page":"568-575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Associations of Antibodies Targeting Periodontal Pathogens With Subclinical Coronary, Carotid, and Peripheral Arterial Atherosclerosis in Rheumatoid 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