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This study was undertaken to determine whether a composite serum interferon (IFN)\u2013inducible protein score exhibits predictive significance for the response to immunosuppression in SSc\u2010ILD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Serum samples collected in the Scleroderma Lung Study II, a randomized controlled trial of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) versus cyclophosphamide (CYC), were examined. Results were validated in an independent observational cohort receiving active treatment. A composite score of 6 IFN\u2010inducible proteins IFN\u03b3\u2010inducible 10\u2010kd protein, monokine induced by IFN\u03b3, monocyte chemotactic protein 2, \u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2010microglobulin, tumor necrosis factor receptor type II, and macrophage inflammatory protein 3\u03b2) was calculated, and its predictive significance for longitudinal forced vital capacity percent predicted measurements was evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Higher baseline IFN\u2010inducible protein score predicted better response over 3 to 12 months in the MMF arm (point estimate = 0.41,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001) and CYC arm (point estimate = 0.91,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009). In contrast, higher baseline C\u2010reactive protein (CRP) levels were predictive of a worse ILD course in both treatment arms. The predictive significance of the IFN\u2010inducible protein score and CRP levels remained after adjustment for baseline demographic and clinical predictors. During the second year of treatment, in which patients in the CYC arm were switched to placebo, a higher IFN\u2010inducible protein score at 12 months showed a trend toward predicting a worse ILD course (point estimate = \u22120.61,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.068), while it remained predictive of better response to active immunosuppression in the MMF arm (point estimate = 0.28,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.029). The predictive significance of baseline IFN\u2010inducible protein score was replicated in the independent cohort (r\n                      <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                      = 0.43,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.028).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A higher IFN\u2010inducible protein score in SSc\u2010ILD is predictive of better response to immunosuppression and could potentially be used to identify patients who may derive the most benefit from MMF or CYC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/art.41627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,22]],"date-time":"2020-12-22T13:23:03Z","timestamp":1608643383000},"page":"1005-1013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Predictive Significance of Serum Interferon\u2010Inducible Protein Score for Response to Treatment in Systemic Sclerosis\u2013Related Interstitial Lung Disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8059-9978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shervin","family":"Assassi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Los 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